نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
مقدمه: پژوهش حاضر با هدف پیش‌بینی خودمراقبتی بر اساس مهارت حل مسئله، رابطه والد-فرزند و استقلال عاطفی با توجه به نقش میانجی‌گری حمایت اجتماعی در نوجوانان مبتلا به دیابت به روش توصیفی-همبستگی (مدل معادلات ساختاری) انجام شد.
روش: جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه نوجوانان شهر اصفهان که طبق تشخیص‌های بالینی طی سال 1400 مبتلا به دیابت بود که به صورت هدفمند پرسشنامه‌ها بین 149 نوجوان مبتلا به دیابت توزیع گردید. به منظور جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه‌های خودمراقبتی دیابت (خلاصه فعالیت‌های خودمراقبتی دیابت)، پرسشنامه استاندارد حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده (MSPSS)، پرسشنامه تجدیدنظر شده حل مسئله اجتماعی (SPSI-R)، پرسشنامه ارزیابی رابطه والد – فرزند (PCRS) و پرسشنامه استقلال عاطفی استنبرگ و سیلوربرگ استفاده شده است.
یافته‌ها: پس از جمع‌آوری اطلاعات و تحلیل آنها به شکل توصیفی و استنباطی و ارائه‌ی مدل با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای آماری نتایج به دست آمده حاکی از آن بود که حمایت اجتماعی در ابعاد خانواده، رابطه‌ی والد فرزند و استقلال عاطفی و همچنین مهارت حل مسئله در ابعاد راهبردهای منفی، تکانشی و اجتنابی در خودمراقبتی نوجوانان مبتلا به دیابت شهر اصفهان نقش داشته‌اند. همچنین نتایج تحلیل مسیر نشان داد که حمایت اجتماعی نقش میانجی در پیش‌بینی خودمراقبتی بر اساس مهارت حل مسئله، رابطه والد-فرزند و استقلال عاطفی ایفا می‌کند.
نتیجه‌گیری: خودمراقبتی در نوجوانان مبتلا به دیابت تحت تاثیر حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده و رابطه والد فرزندی و توانایی حل مساله اجتماعی آنها قرار دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Prediction of Self-Care based on Problem-Solving Skills, Parent-Child Relationship and Emotional Independence with Regard to the Mediating Role of Social Support in Adolescents with Diabetes
نویسندگان [English]
- maryam karimi 1
- Sara Ghorbani 2
1 M.A., Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Objective: Over the past decade, the prevalence of diabetes has increased, especially in adolescents. On the other hand, adolescents with diabetes have difficulty controlling blood sugar, and controlling diabetes and taking care of themselves during adolescence is a challenge. Self-care is a set of spontaneous activities that are consciously and consciously carried out by the patient in order to understand the conditions and factors affecting them and to adopt a positive and specific attitude towards themselves and their disease. This disease has many negative effects on the mental health and quality of life of the affected person and their family. In fact, what happens within the family and the interaction between parents and children can be a key factor in creating resilience and reducing current and future risk associated with adverse events and inappropriate conditions. By equipping itself with problem-solving skills, the family can promote the health of its members and act as a mechanism against factors that harm the health of its members. Problem solving is a conscious, rational, and purposeful activity that enables adolescents to identify various possibilities around them when faced with conflicts and controllable events and use them to make appropriate decisions and solve problems. In this regard, adolescent emotional autonomy is one of the crises of adolescence that most parents are involved with their children. In this regard, Chia-Ying Chen et al. (2020) found that high emotional autonomy is significantly associated with poor management of diabetes control. Therefore, the present study aims to answer the research question of whether social support plays a mediating role in predicting self-care based on problem-solving skills, parent-child relationships, and emotional independence? Method: The statistical population of the study included all adolescents in Isfahan who were diagnosed with diabetes in 2017 according to clinical diagnoses. Questionnaires were purposefully distributed among 149 adolescents with diabetes. In order to collect data, the Diabetes Self-Care Questionnaire (Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities), the Standard Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (MSPSS), the Revised Social Problem-Solving Questionnaire (SPSI-R), the Parent-Child Relationship Assessment Questionnaire (PCRS), and the Stenberg and Silverberg Emotional Independence Questionnaire were used. Results: After collecting data and analyzing them descriptively and inferentially and presenting the model using statistical software, the results obtained indicated that social support in the dimensions of family, parent-child relationship, and emotional independence, as well as problem-solving skills in the dimensions of negative, impulsive, and avoidant strategies, played a role in the self-care of adolescents with diabetes in Isfahan (p<0.05). Also, the results of the path analysis showed that social support plays a mediating role in predicting self-care based on problem-solving skills with an effect size of 0.22 and parent-child relationship with an effect size of 0.18. Conclusion: Explaining the present findings, it can be stated that today, the analysis of diseases is not limited to biomedical factors, and a wide network of social factors, known as social determinants of health or factors affecting health, has gained a more prominent dimension in the scope and quality of health and disease. People with stronger problem-solving skills are naturally more capable of facing everyday challenges and finding appropriate solutions to their problems. However, the presence of social support from family, friends, and society can strengthen these skills. Also, social support resulting from the parent-child relationship increases the sense of belonging and acceptance in the individual and helps the individual to implement self-care behaviors (such as healthy eating, exercise, stress management, and adherence to medical recommendations) well in their lives.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Emotional Independence
- Social Support
- Diabetes Self-Care
- Problem-Solving Skills
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