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همبسته‌های بدنی و روان‌شناختی خودزنی غیرخودکشی در دانشجویان

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد نیشابور، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نیشابور، ایران

2 گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد نیشابور، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نیشابور، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: خودزنی غیرخودکشی به آسیب عمدی سطح بدن بدون نیت خودکشی اشاره دارد. این رفتار یکی از نگرانی عمده متخصصان حوزه سلامت روان در جهان است و همچنین یکی از اختلال‌هایی است که نیاز به مطالعه بیشتر دارد؛ ازاین‌رو هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی همبسته‌های بدنی و روان‌شناختی خودزنی غیرخودکشی در دانشجویان بود.
روش: پژوهش ازنظر هدف بنیادی و به لحاظ روش جمع‌آوری داده‌ها توصیفی از نوع همبستگی است. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانشجویان کارشناسی و کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نیشابور در سال تحصیلی 1402 بود. تعداد 200 نفر از دانشجویانی که به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند، نمونه آماری را تشکیل دادند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه خود آسیب‌رسانی آگاهانه و تعمدی (گراتز، 2001)، شاخص توده بدنی، پرسشنامه نگرانی در مورد بدشکلی (اوستوزین، لمبرت و کاسل، 1998) و پرسشنامه شرم از تصویر بدن (دوارت، پینتو گوویا، فریرا و همکاران، 2015) استفاده شد. داده‌ها با روش همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون گام‌به‌گام و همچنین در سطح معناداری 05/0 تحلیل شد.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که بین نگرانی درباره بدشکلی و شرم از بدن و مؤلفه‌های آن (شرم برونی شده و درونی شده) با خودزنی غیرخودکشی رابطه مثبت وجود دارد (01/0 >p). باوجوداین رابطه‌ای بین وزن و شاخص توده بدنی با خودزنی غیرخودکشی وجود ندارد (05/0 <p). نتایج نشان داد که از بین این متغیرها شرم برونی شده پیش‌بینی کننده خودزنی غیرخودکشی است.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان‌دهنده نقش و اهمیت عوامل روان‌شناختی ازجمله نگرانی درباره بدشکلی و شرم از بدن در خودزنی غیرخودکشی است. دراین‌بین شرم برونی شده نقش مهم‌تری در پیش‌بینی این رفتار دارد. توجه به شرم برونی می‌تواند در تدوین مدل‌های آسیب‌شناختی، آموزشی و درمانی مهم باشد

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Physical and Psychological Correlates of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Students

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Mansouri 1
  • Danial Joqratian 1
  • Armin Elahi 2

1 Department of Psychology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran

2 Department of Psychology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Objective: Non-suicidal self-injury refers to the intentional self-inflicted damage to the body surface without suicidal intent. This behavior is one of the major concerns of mental health professionals in the world and is also one of the disorders that needs more study. Many biological, psychological and social factors can be related to this behavior. However less attention has been paid to physical and psychological factors related to it. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate the physical and psychological correlates of non-suicidal self-injury in students. Method: This study is fundamental in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of method. Its statistical population of this research included all the undergraduate and graduate students of the Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur branch in the academic year of 2023. A number of 200 students who were selected by convenience sampling method formed the research sample. To collect data, deliberate self-harm inventory (Gratz, 2001), body mass index, dysmorphic concerns questionnaire (Oosthuizen, Lambert & Castle, 1998) and body image shame scale (Duarte, Pinto-Gouveia, Ferreira et al., 2015) were used. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, stepwise regression analysis and significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the participants' age was 25.08 and 8.39. The results showed that there are significant positive relationship between dysmorphic concern and body shame and its components (externalized and internalized shame) with non-suicidal self-injury (p < 0.01), but there is no significant relationship between weight and body mass index with non-suicidal self-injury (p <0.05). The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that weight, body mass index, dysmorphic concern and internal shame do not predict (p >0.05), but external shame predicts it (p <0.05). In other word, external shame alone explains 14% of the variance of non-suicidal self-injury. Conclusion: The results of the present study show the role and importance of psychological factors such as dysmorphic concern and body shame in non-suicidal self-injury. The psychological factors, especially external shame plays a more important role in predicting this behavior. Paying attention to this factor or perception of negative judgments about the self in the mind of others can be important in developing pathological, educational and therapeutic models. On the other hand, use of therapies that emphasize the construct of shame (compassion therapy or compassion-focused therapy) may play an important role in reducing this type of shame and subsequently reducing non-suicidal self-injury. Future researches can investigate the effectiveness of such therapeutic and educational approaches on non-suicidal self-injury.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Body Mass Index
  • Body Shame
  • Dysmorphic Concern
  • Non-Suicidal self-Injury
  • Students
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روانشناسی سلامت
دوره 13، شماره 52
در حال تکمیل
اسفند 1403
صفحه 35-46
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هم رسانی
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