با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن روانشناسی سلامت

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره شغلی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه.

2 دانشیار، گروه مشاوره ، دانشگاه رازی ،کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه مشاوره، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: هدف از پژوهش حاضر ، فهم تجربه ی زیسته ی پرستاران بخش کرونا و تعیین راهبرد هایی است که آنها هنگام مواجهه با فرسودگی شغلی استفاده می نمایند. جامعه ی این پژوهش شامل پرستاران بخش کرونای بیمارستان های وابسته به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه می باشد.
روش: پژوهش حاضر کیفی از نوع پدیدار شناختی توصیفی و در نیمه ی اول سال 1401 انجام شد. نمونه پژوهش به روش نمونه گیری غیر تصادفی( نمونه گیری هدفمند) و پس از شناسایی پرستاران دچار فرسودگی شغلی متوسط به بالا  در نهایت با توجه به اشباع نظر ها10 نفر انتخاب شد.ابتدا از طریق مصاحبه ی نیمه ساختار یافته، داده ها پیرامون تجربیات پرستاران از فرسودگی شغلی و راهبرد های مقابله با آن جمع آوری شد و پس از ضبط هر مصاحبه به داده های متنی تبدیل شد. این داده ها با روش تحلیل محتوای هفت مرحله ای کلایزی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
یافته‌ها: در مرحله ی کد گذاری باز 46 کد استخراج شد که  در مرحله ی کد گذاری محوری به 15 کد تقلیل یافتند  در نهایت 4 مضمون اصلی شامل راهبرد های مبتنی بر خانواده شامل مضامین فرعی حمایت عاطفی خانواده، حمایت عاطفی دوستان و گروه های اجتماعی و پذیرش کمک از سوی خانواده، راهبرد های مبتنی بر فرد شامل ایجاد نگرش مثبت،تعادل کار-زندگی شخصی، ورزش و تفریحات سالم، تغییر رشته و بخش، توانمندسازی و تجارب مشارکتی و مراجعه به روانشناس و روانپزشک، راهبرد های مبتنی بر معنویت شامل ایمان و باور قلبی و ارزش های حاکم بر حرفه  و راهبرد های مبتنی بر سازمان شامل حمایت ابزاری، کاهش تراکم کاری،تدارک خدمات مشاوره ای پیشگیرانه و درمانی، توجه به امکانات رفاهی و تشویق کارکنان شناسایی شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: استراتژی های پرستاران در هنگام مواجهه با فرسودگی شغلی متفاوت است. حمایت عاطفی از سوی خانواده نزدیکان نفش مهمی در کنترل مولفه های فرسودگی شغلی ایفا می کند و منبع حمایتی قوی در شرایط بحرانی هستند. راهبرد های فردی پرستاران به میزان زیادی در کنترل عوامل استرس زای ناشی از فرسودگی شغلی موثر است.  راهبرد های مبتنی بر معنویت با هدفمند نمودن اقدامات پرستاری می تواند تحمل مشکلات  را برای پرستاران آسان تر نموده و راهبرد های مبتنی بر سازمان نیز با انگیزه بخشی به پرستاران درکاهش فرسودگی شغلی موثر است. راهبرد های مقابله ای شناسایی شده به عنوان راهبرد هایی کارآمد می توانند در فرایند سازگاری پرستاران با پیامد های فرسودگی شغلی و کیفیت بخشی به زندگی آنها موثر باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the Lived Experiences of Nurses in the Corona Department of Kermanshah Hospitals on Coping with Job Burnout

نویسندگان [English]

  • behnaz shah moradi 1
  • Mohsen Golmohammadian 2
  • mohsen hojatkah 3

1 M.A in Vocational Counseling, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Counseling, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran .

چکیده [English]

Objective: The aim of the current research is to understand the lived experience of nurses in the corona ward and to determine the strategies they use when facing burnout. The population of this research includes nurses from the corona department of hospitals affiliated to Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. Method: The present qualitative research was conducted in the first half of 1401. The research sample was selected by non-random sampling method (purposive sampling) and after identifying nurses with moderate to high burnout, 10 people were finally selected according to the saturation of opinions. First, through semi-structured interviews, the data about nurses' experiences were collected. Job burnout and coping strategies were collected and converted into textual data after recording each interview. These data were analyzed with Claysey's seven-stage content analysis method. Results: In the open coding stage, 46 codes were extracted, which were reduced to 15 codes in the axial coding stage. Finally, 4 main themes include strategies based on on the family, including the sub-themes of emotional support of the family, emotional support of friends and social groups, and accepting help from the family, individual-based strategies, including creating a positive attitude, work-life balance, healthy sports and recreation, changing majors and departments, empowerment and collaborative experiences and referring to psychologists and psychiatrists, spirituality-based strategies including faith and heart belief and values governing the profession and organization-based strategies including instrumental support, reducing work density, providing preventive and therapeutic counseling services, paying attention to Welfare facilities and encouragement of employees were identified. Conclusion: Nurses' strategies are different when facing burnout. Emotional support from close family plays an important role in controlling job burnout components and they are a strong source of support in critical situations. Individual strategies of nurses are highly effective in controlling stressful factors caused by job burnout. Strategies based on spirituality by targeting nursing actions can make it easier for nurses to bear problems, and strategies based on organization are also effective in reducing job burnout by motivating nurses. Coping strategies identified as effective strategies can be effective in the process of adapting nurses to the consequences of job burnout and improving the quality of their lives.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Burnout
  • Covid 19
  • Lived Experiences
  • Nurses
  • Qualitative Study
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