روانشناسی سلامت

با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن روانشناسی سلامت

شماره جاری

بر اساس شماره‌های نشریه

بر اساس نویسندگان

بر اساس موضوعات

نمایه نویسندگان

نمایه کلیدواژه ها

درباره نشریه

اهداف و چشم انداز

اعضای هیات تحریریه

اصول اخلاقی انتشار مقاله

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

پیوندهای مفید

پرسش‌های متداول

فرایند پذیرش مقالات

اطلاعات آماری نشریه

اخبار و اعلانات

رابطۀ باورهای جهان فرضی با اتخاذ رفتارهای پیشگیرانۀ دانشجویان در قرنطینۀ کووید 19

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: پژوهشگران مدیریت بحران، مقیاس جهانی فرضی (WAS) را برای نشان دادن تغییرات مفروضات برای پیش‌بینی خطرات سلامت روان بر اساس مدل جانوف-بولمن به کار می‌برند. در طول بحران قرنطینه COVID-19، اتخاذ رفتارهای پیشگیرانه در جامعه مستلزم درک مفروضات افراد در مورد جهان بود و این امر ابتدا نیازمند بررسی ساختار عاملی مقیاس جهان فرضی بود.
روش: این پژوهش از حیث هدف، کاربردی و از حیث گردآوری داده‌ها، توصیفی بود. از بین دانشگاه‌های فردوسی مشهد و اصفهان، 452 دانشجوی ۱۸ساله و بالاتر (245 زن) به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و به مقیاس جهان فرضی و پرسش‌نامه اتخاذ رفتارهای پیشگیرانه پاسخ دادند. داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تحلیل رگرسیون گام‌به‌گام تجزیه‌وتحلیل شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی نسبتاً رضایت‌بخش بود و با مدل اصلی جهان فرضی مطابقت داشت. در طول دوره قرنطینه، مفروضات دانشجویان درباره جهان، به طور معناداری با اتخاذ رفتارهای پیشگیرانه همبستگی داشت. رگرسیون گام‌به‌گام نشان داد مفروضه‌های تصادفی نبودن و ادراک کنترل‌پذیری، اتخاذ رفتارهای پیشگیرانه را پیش‌بینی می‌نمود.
نتیجه‌گیری: قرنطینه و گسترش آن تأثیرات منفی بر سلامت روان را می‌افزاید. این یافته‌های قرنطینه COVID-19 با مفروضات قبلی مبنی بر عدم تغییر اندازه‌گیری در یک نمونه و راه‌حل عامل همسو هستند و می‌توانند به درک جهان فرضی دانشجویان در مواجهه با تروما و تغییرات شناختی مرتبط با آن در حوزه‌های پژوهش و عمل کمک کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship between World Assumptions and the Students' Adoption of Preventive Behaviors during the Quarantine of Covid-19

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Hosseinzadeh Maleki 1
  • Simindokht Kalani 2

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

2 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan Iran

چکیده [English]

Objective: Crisis management researchers use the World Assumption Scale (WAS) to demonstrate changes in individuals' assumptions to predict mental health risks based on the Janoff-Bulman model. During the COVID-19 quarantine crisis, adopting preventive behaviors in society required understanding individuals' assumptions about the world, which initially necessitated an examination of the factorial structure of the Assumption World Scale. Therefore, the current research aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Assumption World Scale among Iranian students and to examine the relationship between beliefs in a just world, meaningfulness of the world, self-worth, and the adoption or non-adoption of preventive behaviors among students during the COVID-19 quarantine period. Method: Among the Mashhad Ferdowsi University and University of Isfahan, 452 students aged 18 and older (245 women) selected using convenience sampling and responded to the assumption world scale and the preventive behavior adoption questionnaire. The data analyzed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, and stepwise regression analysis. Results: The obtained reliability coefficients were satisfactory. The results of the exploratory factor analysis were relatively satisfactory and corresponded to the main model of the assumption world. Bartlett's test of sphericity with 496 degrees of freedom at the 0.001 significance level and the KMO test with a value of 0.84 indicated the adequacy of the data for factor analysis. Exploratory factor analysis using principal component analysis with the assumption of eight factors (based on previous research) showed that all 32 questionnaire items obtained coefficients in the range of 0.53 to 0.85 in different factors, and eight factors had eigenvalues greater than one. Moreover, during the quarantine period, students' assumptions about the world significantly correlated with the adoption of preventive behaviors. Stepwise regression showed that non-randomness and the perception of controllability assumptions predicted adopting preventive behaviors. In the first step, when the randomness scale entered the regression equation, its correlation coefficient was 0.44, indicating that 33% of the variance in the adoption of preventive behaviors based on the belief in the non-randomness of world events was explained. In the second step, when randomness and perceived controllability entered the equation together, this percentage increased to 46%. Conclusion: Quarantine and its expansion increase negative effects on mental health. These findings of the COVID-19 quarantine are consistent with previous assumptions about the lack of change in measurement within a sample and suggest an operational solution, aiding in understanding students' assumption worlds in facing trauma and associated cognitive changes in research and practical domains.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adoption of Preventive Behaviors
  • World Assumptions
  • Students
  • Quarantine of Covid-19
مراجع
Alipour, I., & Akram, H. g. (2020). The leap of theological-philosophical thought in the shadow of the Corona crisis; An overview of the meaning of life and death thinking. Qabasat, 25(96), 181-210. (in persian)
Bavel, J. J. V., Baicker, K., Boggio, P. S., Capraro, V., Cichocka, A., Cikara, M., ... & Willer, R. (2020). Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nature human behaviour, 4(5), 460-471.
Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912–920.
Bruine de Bruin, W., & Bennett, D. (2020). Relationships Between Initial COVID-19 Risk Perceptions and Protective Health Behaviors: A National Survey. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 59(2), 157–167.
Cakanlar, A., Trudel, R., & White, K. (2022). Political Ideology and the Perceived Impact of Coronavirus Prevention Behaviors for the Self and Others. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, 7(1), 36–44.
Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., & Zheng, J. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 287, 112934.
Chamberlain, J., Watt, S., Mohide, P., Muggah, H., Trim, K., & Bantebya Kyomuhendo, G. (2007). Women’s perception of self-worth and access to health care. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 98(1), 75–79.
Champion, V., & Skinner, C. (2008). The health belief model. In K. lanz, B. Rimer, & K. Viswanath (Eds.), Health behavior and health education: Theory, research and practice (pp. 45-65). Jossey-Bass.
Clark, C., Davila, A., Regis, M., & Kraus, S. (2020). Predictors of COVID-19 voluntary compliance behaviors: An international investigation. Global Transitions, 2, 76–82.
Copeland, W. E., McGinnis, E., Bai, Y., Adams, Z., Nardone, H., Devadanam, V., Rettew, J., & Hudziak, J. J. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on College Student Mental Health and Wellness. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 60(1), 134-141.e2.
Cornine, A. (2020). Reducing Nursing Student Anxiety in the Clinical Setting: An Integrative Review. Nursing Education Perspectives, 41(4), 229–234.
Cowling, B. J., Ali, S. T., Ng, T. W. Y., Tsang, T. K., Li, J. C. M., Fong, M. W., Liao, Q., Kwan, M. Y., Lee, S. L., Chiu, S. S., Wu, J. T., Wu, P., & Leung, G. M. (2020). Impact assessment of non-pharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 and influenza in Hong Kong: an observational study. The Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e279–e288.
Dattilio, F. M. (2015). The self-care of psychologists and mental health professionals: A review and practitioner guide. Australian Psychologist, 50, 393–399.
Miller Smedema, S., Catalano, D., & Ebener, D. J. (2010). The relationship of coping, self-worth, and subjective well-being: A structural equation model. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 53(3), 131-142.
Janoff-Bulman, R. (1989). Assumptive worlds and the stress of traumatic events: Applications of the schema construct. Social Cognition, 7(2), 113–136.
Janoff‐Bulman, R., & Frieze, I. H. (1983). A Theoretical Perspective for Understanding Reactions to Victimization. Journal of Social Issues, 39(2), 1–17.
Kim, Y. (2018). Nurses’ experiences of care for patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus in South Korea. American Journal of Infection Control, 46(7), 781–787.
Kim, J. H., Yun, J. S., & Park, J. Y. (2021). A study of the knowledge and educational needs of college students about coronavirus disease-2019 and preventive behavior adopted against it. Journal of the Korean Society of Integrative Medicine, 9(1), 109-121.‏
Lerner, M. J. (1980). The Belief in a Just World. The Belief in a Just World, 9–30.
Liu, C. H., Pinder-Amaker, S., Hahm, H. C., & Chen, J. A. (2022). Priorities for addressing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on college student mental health. Journal of American College Health, 70(5), 1356-1358.
Mansdorf, I. J. (2020). Enforcing Compliance with COVID-19 Pandemic Restrictions : Psychological Aspects of a National Security Threat - World. ReliefWeb. Available online at: https://reliefweb.int/report/world/enforcing-compliancecovid-19-pandemic-restrictions-psychological-aspects-national (accessed November 18, 2020).
Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., & Guarino, A. J. (2016). Applied multivariate research: Design and interpretation. Sage publications.
Nurius, P. S. (1994). Assumptive Worlds, Self-Definition, and Striving Among Women. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 15(3), 311–327.
Raude, J., Lecrique, J. M., Lasbeur, L., Leon, C., Guignard, R., du Roscoät, E., & Arwidson, P. (2020). Determinants of Preventive Behaviors in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in France: Comparing the Sociocultural, Psychosocial, and Social Cognitive Explanations. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 3345.
Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). Historical Origins of the Health Belief Model. Health Education & Behavior, 2(4), 328–335.
Schmelz, K., & Bowles, S. (2022). Opposition to voluntary and mandated COVID-19 vaccination as a dynamic process: Evidence and policy implications of changing beliefs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(13), e2118721119.
Schwartzberg, S. S., & Janoff-Bulman, R. (1991). Grief and the Search for Meaning: Exploring the Assumptive Worlds of Bereaved College Students. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 10(3), 270–288.
Sousa, V. D., & Rojjanasrirat, W. (2011). Translation, adaptation and validation of instruments or scales for use in cross‐cultural health care research: a clear and user‐friendly guideline. Journal of evaluation in clinical practice, 17(2), 268-274.
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). A guide to statistical techniques: Using the book. In B. G. Tabachnick (Eds.), Using multivariate statistics (2nd ed., pp. 17–32). HarperCollins.
Tanhaye Reshvanloo, F., Kareshki, H., & Asgari, Z. (2022). Evaluation of Motivational Model for Predict Adherence to the Measures in the Covid-19 Pandemic. Health Psychology, 11(41), 135-154. (in persian)
Trzebiński, J., Cabański, M., & Czarnecka, J. Z. (2020). Reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic: The influence of meaning in life, life satisfaction, and assumptions on world orderliness and positivity. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 25(6-7), 544-557.
van Bruggen, V., ten Klooster, P. M., van der Aa, N., Smith, A. J. M., Westerhof, G. J., & Glas, G. (2018). Structural Validity of the World Assumption Scale. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 31(6), 816–825.
Wang, C., Horby, P. W., Hayden, F. G., & Gao, G. F. (2020). A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. The Lancet, 395(10223), 470–473.
Wang, Y., Shi, L., Que, J., Lu, Q., Liu, L., Lu, Z., Xu, Y., Liu, J., Sun, Y., Meng, S., Yuan, K., Ran, M., Lu, L., Bao, Y., & Shi, J. (2021). The impact of quarantine on mental health status among general population in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Molecular Psychiatry 2021 26:9, 26(9), 4813–4822.
Ward, J. K., Alleaume, C., Peretti-Watel, P., Seror, V., Cortaredona, S., Launay, O., Raude, J., Verger, P., Beck, F., Legleye, S., L’Haridon, O., & Ward, J. (2020). The French public’s attitudes to a future COVID-19 vaccine: The politicization of a public health issue. Social Science & Medicine, 265, 113414.
Xiao, C. (2020). A Novel Approach of Consultation on 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)-Related Psychological and Mental Problems: Structured Letter Therapy. Psychiatry Investigation, 17(2), 175–176.
Zhang, M., Li, Q., Du, X., Zuo, D., Ding, Y., Tan, X., & Liu, Q. (2020). Health behavior toward COVID-19: the role of demographic factors, knowledge, and attitude among Chinese college students during the quarantine period. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 32(8), 533-535 .
روانشناسی سلامت
دوره 12، شماره 48
اسفند 1402
صفحه 15-26
فایل ها
هم رسانی
ارجاع به این مقاله
آمار