با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن روانشناسی سلامت

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه گلستان، گرگان، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه روان‌شناسی بالینی، واحد بندرگز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بندرگز، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: در طول همه‌گیری کووید-19، مطالعات متعددی شیوع اضطراب و افسردگی را در زنان باردار شناسایی کرده‌اند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر نوروفیدبک بر اضطراب بارداری و افسردگی پریناتال در زنان باردار انجام شد.
روش: این پژوهش یک طرح آزمایشی تک‌آزمودنی از نوع طرح خط پایه چندگانه با دوره پیگیری بود.    3 زن باردار مبتلا به اضطراب بارداری و افسردگی پریناتال براساس روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب و به صورت پلکانی به تحقیق وارد شدند. ابزارهای به کار رفته شامل درمان نوروفیدبک، مقیاس‌های اضطراب بارداری و مقیاس افسردگی بک- ویرایش دوم بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل چشمی، اندازه اثر و درصد بهبودی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته: نوروفیدبک به‌طور معناداری موجب کاهش شدت علائم اضطراب بارداری و افسردگی پریناتال شد، به‌طوری‌که درصد بهبودی برای بیمار اول، دوم و سوم در علائم اضطراب بارداری به‌ترتیب 72، 74 و 71 درصد و در علائم افسردگی پریناتال 72، 77 و 77 درصد به‌دست آمد. تحلیل‌های دیداری و نتایج تحلیل‌های درون‌موقعیتی و بین‌موقعیتی نیز حاکی از تفاوت معنادار بین مرحله خط پایه و مداخله برای همه آزمودنی‌ها بود (PND>70 و PAND>50). ماندگاری اثر نوروفیدبک در مرحله پیگیری نیز تایید شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: نوروفیدبک در بهبود علایم زنان باردار مبتلا به اضطراب بارداری و افسردگی پریناتال موثر است. نتیجه این پژوهش و پژوهش‌های مشابه می‌توانند در حوزه‌های تشخیصی و درمانی علائم روانی در زنان باردار مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Neurofeedback on Pregnancy Anxiety and Prenatal Depression in Pregnant Women during the COVID-19: A Single-Case Research with Multiple Baseline Design

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohsen jalali 1
  • elnaz pourahmadi 2

1 Assistant Prof of clinical psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran

2 Assistant Prof, Department of Clinical Psychology, BandarGaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, BandarGaz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Objectives: During the pandemic COVID-19, numerous studies displayed an increase in anxiety and depression in pregnant women. This present study aimed to investigate the effect of neurofeedback therapy on pregnancy anxiety and prenatal depression in pregnant women. Methods: The study was a single-case experimental study with multiple baseline design with a follow-up period. Three pregnant women were selected according to purposive sampling method and entered the study gradually in fixed intervals. The research tools included the neurofeedback therapy, Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ) and Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition (BDI-II). Results: The findings showed that the neurofeedback reduced the severity of pregnancy anxiety and prenatal depression symptoms in both post-treatment and follow-up stages, so that the percentage of improvement for the first, second and third participants in the symptoms of pregnancy anxiety was 72%, 74% and 71% in post-treatment and 75%, 80% and 73% in follow-up stage, respectively. The percentages of improvement for the first, second and third participants in the symptoms of prenatal depression were also 72%, 77% and 77% in post-treatment and 79%, 77% and 83% in follow-up stages, respectively. Moreover, the overall percentages of improvement in post-treatment and follow-up stage in the symptoms of pregnancy anxiety were 72% and 79% and in the symptoms of prenatal depression was 75% and 80%, respectively. In addition, at the end of the intervention sessions and at the 1-month follow-up, all the three patients scored less than 14 on BDI-II, which indicated the clinical significance of the reduction of their depression symptoms on this scale. The visual analyses and the results of inter-positional and intra-positional analyses showed a significant difference between baseline and intervention stage for all subjects (PND>70, PAND>50). The percentages of non-overlapping data (PND) as a measure of effect size for the first, second and third participants in the symptoms of pregnancy anxiety were 83%, 100% and 83% respectively. The percentages of all non-overlapping data (PAND) as the second effect size criterion for the subjects were also 87.5%, 100% and 90%, respectively, which shows the effectiveness of the intervention for all the three subjects in the symptoms of pregnancy anxiety. The percentages of non-overlapping data (PND) for the first, second and third participants in the symptoms of prenatal depression were 83%, 83% and 67% respectively. The percentages of all non-overlapping data (PAND) for the subjects were 87.5%, 89% and 800% respectively, which shows the effectiveness of the intervention for all the three subjects in the symptoms of prenatal depression.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Neurofeedback
  • Pregnancy Anxiety
  • Prenatal Depression
  • COVID -19
 
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