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مقایسه‏‏ جنبه‏ های کلام توصیفی سالمندان مبتلا به آلزایمر و سالمندان سالم تهران

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار گروه زبان‏شناسی و زبان‏های خارجی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: آسیب کلامی در سالمندان مبتلا به آلزایمر از ارتباط آن‌ها در موقعیت‏های اجتماعی می‏‏کاهد. این پژوهش کلام توصیفی سالمندان مبتلا به آلزایمر و سالمندان سالم را مقایسه می‏کند. روش: این پژوهش از نوع علی ـ مقایسه‏‏ای (پس‏رویدادی) است. جامعه‏‏ مورد بررسی سالمندان سالم و سالمندان مبتلا به آلزایمر شهر تهران است. نمونه‏‏گیری از موارد در دسترس صورت گرفت. نمونه شامل 20 سالمند بیمار و 22 سالمند سالم بود که با توجه به سن، تحصیلات، جنسیت و تک یا دوزبانگی همتاسازی شدند. برای تحلیل کلام از سنجش‏‏های مختلف و برای تحلیل آماری از آزمون یو من‏ ـ ویتنی استفاده شد. یافته‏ها: بیماران مبتلا به آلزایمر در چهار سنجش کلامی مفاهیم نامرتبط (001/0=P)، گفته‏های ناتمام (001/0P<)، پیوندهای انسجامی نادرست (007/0P=) و پیوندهای انسجامی درست (031/0P=) نسبت به سالمندان سالم ضعیف‏تر عمل کردند. نتیجه‏گیری: یافته‏ها نشان داد که کلام بیماران از لحاظ ساختاری و محتوایی آسیب‏ دیده است. افزایش گفته‏های ناتمام، مفاهیم نامرتبط و پیوندهای نادرست در کلام سالمندان مبتلا به آلزایمر همراه با کاهش تعداد پیوندهای درست منجر به اختلال کلام بالینی در آلزایمر می‏شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Comparison of Descriptive Discourse among Elderlies with Alzheimer’s Disease and Healthy Elderlies of Tehran

نویسنده [English]

  • Belgheys Roshan

Associate Professor, Department of Linguistics and Foreign Languages, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Objective: Discourse disorders of elderly people with Alzheimer’s disease affect their ability to communicate and participate in social interaction. This research compares descriptive discourse among elderlies with Alzheimer’s disease and healthy elderlies. Methods: The method applied in the present study is ex post facto. Patients with Alzheimer’s disease and the healthy elderlies of Tehran made the research population. To control the effective variables, 20 patients were matched with 22 healthy elderlies on the basis of age, education, gender, and being monolingual or bilingual. Different assessments were done for discourse analysis. U Man Whitney Test was used to analyze the data. Findings: Patients with Alzheimer’s disease, performed weaker than the healthy aged control group in four measures that derived from discourse, which consist of false concepts (p=0.001), endless utterances (P>0.001), false conjunctions (P=0.007), and true conjunctions (P=0.031). Conclusion: Results indicate that discourse of elderlies with Alzheimer’s disease was impaired in structure and content. Increase of false concepts, endless utterances, and false conjunctions, with decline of true conjunctions result in clinical discourse disorder in Alzheimer’s disease.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Clinical linguistics
  • Clinical discourse analysis
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • elderly people
  • false cohesive conjunctions
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روانشناسی سلامت
دوره 5، شماره 19 - شماره پیاپی 19
آبان 1395
صفحه 19-32
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