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Niloofar Mikaeili; Ali Salmani; Aysan Sharei
Abstract
Objective: Headache is a common neurological problem in children and adolescents that can lead to a decrease in the quality of life. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy intervention on migraine headaches and anger rumination in female ...
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Objective: Headache is a common neurological problem in children and adolescents that can lead to a decrease in the quality of life. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy intervention on migraine headaches and anger rumination in female students with migraine. Method: The research method was a pre-test-post-test experiment with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all female students with migraine in the second year of secondary school in Ardabil city in the academic year of 2023-2024, from among them, according to the criteria for entering the research and using the purposeful sampling method, 30 students with migraine were randomly selected in the experimental group (15 people) and the control group (15 people) were replaced. The experimental group received 8 90-minute sessions of positive psychotherapy (Seligman, 2002) and the control group, which was on the waiting list, received no training. Najarian's Migraine Symptom Severity Questionnaire (2006) and Sokodolski et al.'s Anger Rumination Scale (2001) was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis in SPSS26 software. Results: Considering that the assumptions of normality, homogeneity of error variances, homogeneity of the regression slope between covariance variables with independent variable and equal to the variance covariance matrices were maintained: multivariate covariance analysis was used to compare the mean scores of migraine headaches and anger rumination variables in the post-test. became The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean post-test scores of the two experimental and control groups after controlling for the pre-test effects in the variables of migraine headaches (P<0.001; F=73.04, ηp2=0.73) and anger rumination (P<0.001; F=20/66, ηp2=0.44) exists. Therefore, positive psychotherapy has reduced migraine headaches and rumination of anger in female students with migraines, which indicates the positive effect of this intervention. Conclusion: It can be concluded that positive psychotherapy intervention is effective in improving migraine headaches and rumination of anger in female students with migraine, and therefore, according to the research findings, positive psychotherapy can be used to reduce the problems of people with migraine. Positive psychotherapy can be done by using ways such as increasing positive experiences, teaching awareness of positive experiences, creating positive experiences through mental visualization, teaching ways to reduce negative emotions, paying conscious attention to current emotions, behaviors, attitudes, feelings and paying full attention to positive emotions and Self-negativity and accepting it without judgment lead to improvement of migraine headaches and anger rumination in students with migraine
A
zahra karami baghteyfouni; sima Houshidarifard
Abstract
Objective: Anxiety sensitivity is a diagnostic risk construct that has been studied and is believed to enhance the response to various types of stress. The covid-19 pandemic is a widespread stressor with significant physical and social threats, It can be said that human civilization is facing one of ...
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Objective: Anxiety sensitivity is a diagnostic risk construct that has been studied and is believed to enhance the response to various types of stress. The covid-19 pandemic is a widespread stressor with significant physical and social threats, It can be said that human civilization is facing one of the most critical periods of the current century, which has challenged its existence.It can be said that human civilization is facing one of the most critical periods of the current century, which has challenged its existence The covid-19 often brings with it a wave of tension and anxiety that causes problems in people's physical and psychological health. so the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between distress tolerance and anxiety sensitivity in patients who have recovered from covid-19. Method: The current research was conducted in terms of practical purpose and in terms of collection method in the form of a descriptive-correlation design. The statistical population of the research included all adult patients who were saved from contracting COVID-19 in Tehran in 1400 and among them 201 people were selected as a sample using available sampling method. The data were collected using the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaires of Gernevsky, Krige and Spinhaven (2001), anxiety sensitivity of Floyd, Garfield and Lasota (2005) and distress tolerance of Simmons and Gaher (2005). In the following, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The descriptive statistical indicators used are: mean, standard deviation, and on the other hand, path analysis is used to confirm or reject the research hypotheses, and PLS software was used in the statistical analysis of this research. Results: Analysis of the findings through path analysis showed that distress tolerance has an effect on anxiety sensitivity (-0/44) and positive (0/31) and negative (-0/30) emotion cognitive regulation strategies play a mediating role in the relationship between distress tolerance and anxiety sensitivity. Also, based on the coefficient of determining the results, the effect of distress tolerance on anxiety sensitivity is R2=0.209, equal to 21%, and after the presence of the mediator of cognitive emotion regulation in the second step, R2=0.427 is equal to 43%. Conclusion: In the explanation of this finding, it should be said that with low distress tolerance, which is able to resist negative risks with the possibility of making inconsistency adjustment decisions and effective strategies in its use. On the other hand, regulating emotions through thoughts or as inseparability is related to human life and helps people to control their emotions during and after traumatic experiences or experimental situations. According to cognitive-behavioral theory, anxiety disorders often develop when a person's fear is perceived as uncontrollable. This inhibits any new learning about one's true ability to manage anxiety and reinforces one's negative beliefs. According to the results of the research, it can be said that targeting the three components of distress tolerance and positive and negative cognitive regulation of emotion in connection with psychological treatments and aids for the anxiety sensitivity of patients who have recovered from covid-19 can be effective.
F
Ahmad Mansouri; Danial Joqratian; Armin Elahi
Abstract
Objective: Non-suicidal self-injury refers to the intentional self-inflicted damage to the body surface without suicidal intent. This behavior is one of the major concerns of mental health professionals in the world and is also one of the disorders that needs more study. Many biological, psychological ...
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Objective: Non-suicidal self-injury refers to the intentional self-inflicted damage to the body surface without suicidal intent. This behavior is one of the major concerns of mental health professionals in the world and is also one of the disorders that needs more study. Many biological, psychological and social factors can be related to this behavior. However less attention has been paid to physical and psychological factors related to it. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate the physical and psychological correlates of non-suicidal self-injury in students. Method: This study is fundamental in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of method. Its statistical population of this research included all the undergraduate and graduate students of the Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur branch in the academic year of 2023. A number of 200 students who were selected by convenience sampling method formed the research sample. To collect data, deliberate self-harm inventory (Gratz, 2001), body mass index, dysmorphic concerns questionnaire (Oosthuizen, Lambert & Castle, 1998) and body image shame scale (Duarte, Pinto-Gouveia, Ferreira et al., 2015) were used. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, stepwise regression analysis and significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the participants' age was 25.08 and 8.39. The results showed that there are significant positive relationship between dysmorphic concern and body shame and its components (externalized and internalized shame) with non-suicidal self-injury (p < 0.01), but there is no significant relationship between weight and body mass index with non-suicidal self-injury (p <0.05). The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that weight, body mass index, dysmorphic concern and internal shame do not predict (p >0.05), but external shame predicts it (p <0.05). In other word, external shame alone explains 14% of the variance of non-suicidal self-injury. Conclusion: The results of the present study show the role and importance of psychological factors such as dysmorphic concern and body shame in non-suicidal self-injury. The psychological factors, especially external shame plays a more important role in predicting this behavior. Paying attention to this factor or perception of negative judgments about the self in the mind of others can be important in developing pathological, educational and therapeutic models. On the other hand, use of therapies that emphasize the construct of shame (compassion therapy or compassion-focused therapy) may play an important role in reducing this type of shame and subsequently reducing non-suicidal self-injury. Future researches can investigate the effectiveness of such therapeutic and educational approaches on non-suicidal self-injury.
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maryam karimi; Sara Ghorbani
Abstract
Objective: Over the past decade, the prevalence of diabetes has increased, especially in adolescents. On the other hand, adolescents with diabetes have difficulty controlling blood sugar, and controlling diabetes and taking care of themselves during adolescence is a challenge. Self-care is a set of spontaneous ...
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Objective: Over the past decade, the prevalence of diabetes has increased, especially in adolescents. On the other hand, adolescents with diabetes have difficulty controlling blood sugar, and controlling diabetes and taking care of themselves during adolescence is a challenge. Self-care is a set of spontaneous activities that are consciously and consciously carried out by the patient in order to understand the conditions and factors affecting them and to adopt a positive and specific attitude towards themselves and their disease. This disease has many negative effects on the mental health and quality of life of the affected person and their family. In fact, what happens within the family and the interaction between parents and children can be a key factor in creating resilience and reducing current and future risk associated with adverse events and inappropriate conditions. By equipping itself with problem-solving skills, the family can promote the health of its members and act as a mechanism against factors that harm the health of its members. Problem solving is a conscious, rational, and purposeful activity that enables adolescents to identify various possibilities around them when faced with conflicts and controllable events and use them to make appropriate decisions and solve problems. In this regard, adolescent emotional autonomy is one of the crises of adolescence that most parents are involved with their children. In this regard, Chia-Ying Chen et al. (2020) found that high emotional autonomy is significantly associated with poor management of diabetes control. Therefore, the present study aims to answer the research question of whether social support plays a mediating role in predicting self-care based on problem-solving skills, parent-child relationships, and emotional independence? Method: The statistical population of the study included all adolescents in Isfahan who were diagnosed with diabetes in 2017 according to clinical diagnoses. Questionnaires were purposefully distributed among 149 adolescents with diabetes. In order to collect data, the Diabetes Self-Care Questionnaire (Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities), the Standard Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (MSPSS), the Revised Social Problem-Solving Questionnaire (SPSI-R), the Parent-Child Relationship Assessment Questionnaire (PCRS), and the Stenberg and Silverberg Emotional Independence Questionnaire were used. Results: After collecting data and analyzing them descriptively and inferentially and presenting the model using statistical software, the results obtained indicated that social support in the dimensions of family, parent-child relationship, and emotional independence, as well as problem-solving skills in the dimensions of negative, impulsive, and avoidant strategies, played a role in the self-care of adolescents with diabetes in Isfahan (p<0.05). Also, the results of the path analysis showed that social support plays a mediating role in predicting self-care based on problem-solving skills with an effect size of 0.22 and parent-child relationship with an effect size of 0.18. Conclusion: Explaining the present findings, it can be stated that today, the analysis of diseases is not limited to biomedical factors, and a wide network of social factors, known as social determinants of health or factors affecting health, has gained a more prominent dimension in the scope and quality of health and disease. People with stronger problem-solving skills are naturally more capable of facing everyday challenges and finding appropriate solutions to their problems. However, the presence of social support from family, friends, and society can strengthen these skills. Also, social support resulting from the parent-child relationship increases the sense of belonging and acceptance in the individual and helps the individual to implement self-care behaviors (such as healthy eating, exercise, stress management, and adherence to medical recommendations) well in their lives.
A
Solmaz Karimi; Naeimeh Moheb
Abstract
Objective: The aimed of present study was to predict the tendency toward cosmetic surgery in women applying for cosmetic surgery based on spiritual health, body appreciation, and perceived social media advertising deception. Method: The present research design is correlational. The statistical population ...
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Objective: The aimed of present study was to predict the tendency toward cosmetic surgery in women applying for cosmetic surgery based on spiritual health, body appreciation, and perceived social media advertising deception. Method: The present research design is correlational. The statistical population of this research was all the women applying for cosmetic surgery (Without medical necessity) who referred to the beauty clinics in Mashhad in the first three months of 2023, from a sample of 120 people who were selected voluntarily, and responded to questionnaires of the tendency towards cosmetic surgery and perceived social media advertising deception, spiritual well-being scale (SWBS), body appreciation scales (BAS). Data were analyzed using the Pearson coefficient and stepwise regression analysis using SPSS software. Results: Most of the participants in the present study were between 31 and 35 years old (21.7%, 26 people) and in terms of education, 41.7% (50 people) had a Bachelor's degree. 73.3% (88 people) of the participants in this study were married and 60.8% (73 people) of them were unemployed. Also, 34.2% (41 people) of the people participating in the present study applied for cosmetic surgery of the abdomen and 33.3% (40 people) applied for cosmetic surgery of the nose. The study's results showed that the perceived social media advertising deception has a significant positive relationship (r=0.38, p<0.01), and spiritual health and body appreciation have a significant negative relationship (respectively, r=-0.32 and r=-0.40, p<0.01) with the tendency towards cosmetic surgery. By entering predictor variables, it was determined that all three variables of spiritual health (β=-0.322), body appreciation (β=-0.344), and perceived social media advertising deception (β=0.353) explain about 38% of the variance of the tendency to cosmetic surgery. Of course, the variable of perceived social media advertising deception has more weight in explaining the tendency toward cosmetic surgery. Conclusion: The results of the present study clarified this vital theme for researchers and experts in the mental health field, that social media play the most important role in the tendency towards cosmetic surgery. Also, mental health policymakers should be mobilized to raise the feeling of appreciation for their body and spiritual health by adopting a series of measures and trainings for young women. This results can be useful for parents, clinicians, and mental health policymakers to understand how Internet habits, especially social media use, influence psychosocial motivations underlying the desire for cosmetic surgery. More studies are needed in Iranian populations of different cultures to better understand the trend towards cosmetic surgery and prevent cultural interventions in its incorrect promotion.
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Hengameh Boloorsaz Mashhadi; Eisa Jafari; Ali Moghadamzadeh
Abstract
Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the chronic diseases that affects various aspects of human life in old age and causes many problems, physical disabilities and negative psychological consequences. Therefore, it is important to investigate and identify educational and therapeutic protocols to ...
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Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the chronic diseases that affects various aspects of human life in old age and causes many problems, physical disabilities and negative psychological consequences. Therefore, it is important to investigate and identify educational and therapeutic protocols to reduce psychosocial problems in elderly people. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on anxiety sensitivity, pain perception and emotion management in elderly women with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Method: The method of the current research was, semi-experimental with pre-post-test design, two experimental and control groups. The statistical population included all elderly women with Rheumatoid Arthritis who referred to Milad Hospital`s clinical centers in Tehran (1401). 28 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups of 14 people. Consent and desire to participate, 60 years and older age range, gender (female) and ability to participate in treatment sessions were the inclusion criteria for the research. Individual's lack of consent and desire to cooperate, suffering from psychiatric disorders, receiving other psychological interventions at the same time or in the last 6 months were the exclusion criteria. Acceptance and commitment therapy was implemented according to Hayes and Strossal (2013) treatment protocol. This procedure was conducted with the aim of improving the psychological conditions of participants during 8 sessions of each 90 minutes (1.5 hours). The control group, did not receive any interventions. Data were collected by Anxiety Sensitivity Questionnaire (Peterson and Reiss, 1992), Standard Pain Intensity Questionnaire (Quebec et al., 1995) and Emotion Regulation difficulty Questionnaire (Gratz & Roemer, 2004). In order to analyze the data, independent and paired t-tests of multivariate analysis of covariance were used by SPSS/26 statistical software. Results: The results of the research showed that the mean score of anxiety sensitivity in the experimental group in the post-test stage had a significant difference compared to the control group (P<0.05). Also, the analysis of covariance showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean score of perceived pain intensity and emotional management of the two groups in the post-test stage (P<0.05). It can be said that Acceptance and Commitment therapy has reduced anxiety sensitivity and pain perception, as well as emotional management in elderly women with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Conclusion: The results indicated that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is effective in reducing anxiety sensitivity, pain perception and emotion management of elderly women suffering Rheumatoid Arthritis. According to the obtained results, it is suggested, professionals who involve in the field of elderly mental health should provide the necessary platform for improving the mental health of these people. which it can be done by reducing the level of anxiety sensitivity and pain perception and emotion management. The results of this research can provide practical implications for therapists to reduce the patients emotional-behavioral problems who suffer Rheumatoid Arthritis, especially in elderly women. It must be said that these therapies would be effective along with drug therapy.
