Document Type : Scientific Research
Author
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Objective: Dyspepsia causes psychological problems and chronic pain in people. To solve these problems, interventions such as cognitive therapy based on mindfulness are needed. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on cognitive flexibility and chronic pain in dyspepsia patients. Method: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up phase. The statistical population of the study included all patients up to 50 years of age diagnosed with indigestion without ulcers in the specialized and sub-specialized clinic of Besat of city of Kerman in 2022. Among them, 30 people were selected as the sample of the study by available sampling method and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 people) and control group (15 people). The people of the experimental group received cognitive therapy based on mindfulness in 8 sessions of 90 minutes in a group. The questionnaires used in this research include the Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire of Dennis and Vanderwaal (2010) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire (2010). 2009). The research data was analyzed by mixed analysis of variance and Benferroni post hoc test by SPSS-24 software. Results: The results showed that the average scores of cognitive flexibility and its components, including: alternatives, control and exploitation, of people in the experimental group increased in the post-test and follow-up stages compared to the pre-test. Is. Also, the average scores of chronic pain and its components, including: physical-sensual, emotional-emotional and cognitive-evaluative, of the people of the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up phase have decreased compared to the pre-test (0.001) P < ). Pairwise comparison showed that there is a significant difference between the average scores of the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages in the variables of cognitive flexibility and chronic pain and their components. This means that the cognitive therapy based on mindfulness has been able to significantly change the post-test scores and follow-up variables of cognitive flexibility and chronic pain, their components compared to the pre-test stage. Another finding of this table showed that there is no significant difference between the average scores of the post-exam stage and follow-up. This finding can be explained by the fact that the scores of variables of cognitive flexibility and chronic pain of their components in patients with dyspepsia, which had undergone a significant change in the post-test phase, were able to change this change during Keep the follow-up period. Conclusion: Cognitive therapy helps dyspepsia patients by changing their behaviors, feelings, attitudes and beliefs, replacing irrational beliefs and non-adaptive behaviors with realism, sense of efficacy and increased activity, thus increasing flexibility, help in cognition and reducing the intensity of pain. Cognitive therapy based on mindfulness was effective and efficient in increasing cognitive flexibility and reducing chronic pain in dyspepsia patients.
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