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arezoo moradi tavalaei; Imanollah Bigdeli; Ali Mashhadi; Mahdi Razmara; mohammad Jafferany
Abstract
Objective: Alopecia areata (AA) is a complex autoimmune condition with non-scarring alopecia, and it occurs in approximately 2% of the global population. Although its pathogenesis includes both genetic and immunological factors, mounting evidence supports the significance of psychological determinants ...
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Objective: Alopecia areata (AA) is a complex autoimmune condition with non-scarring alopecia, and it occurs in approximately 2% of the global population. Although its pathogenesis includes both genetic and immunological factors, mounting evidence supports the significance of psychological determinants in inducing as well as exacerbating the condition. The transdiagnostic approach, which is a method characterizing key psychological processes underlying greater than one disorder, offers a new paradigm to study AA's psychosocial determinants. The current research analyzes how transdiagnostic factors, particularly neuroticism, anxiety sensitivity, emotion regulation, mindfulness, and experiential avoidance, correlate with severity of AA and emotional comorbidities in an Iranian clinical sample. Our research contributes to closing relevant gaps in extant research in that: (1) the variables are compared simultaneously, not separately, and (2) a full mediation model is considered to shed light on personality-outcome pathways. Method: We performed a cross-sectional survey of 200 AA patients (123 men, 77 women; mean age=29.93±7.93 years) enrolled from clinics of dermatology of Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad. Candidates were confirmed by board-certified dermatologists for AA diagnosis, while disease severity was measured using the Alopecia Areata Severity Index (AASI). All participants completed validated Persian versions of Multidimensional Emotional Disorder Inventory (MEDI) for emotional disorders, Anxiety Sensitivity Index-16 (ASI-16), Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory-Short Form (FMI-SF), Gross & John Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (MEAQ). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through Smart-PLS 3.0 examined direct/indirect associations between transdiagnostic variables, with mediation testing through bootstrapping (5000 samples). The research was ethically approved in ethical commite of ferdowsi university of Mashhad (IR.UM.REC.1402.174). Results: Key findings of this study are: Neuroticism had the highest correlation with emotional disorders (β=0.819, p<0.001), explaining 67.1% variance. High neuroticism predicted lower mindfulness (β=-0.560) and higher disease severity (β=0.206). Mindfulness mediated 38.7% of neuroticism's effect on emotional disorders (β=-0.206, p<0.001) and reduced experiential avoidance (β=-0.687). Anxiety sensitivity had direct effects on emotional disorders (β=0.280) and emotion dysregulation (β=-0.393), but indirect effects through avoidance were nonsignificant (p=0.818). Counter hypotheses, emotion dysregulation, and experiential avoidance could not mediate psychological effects (p>0.05). The demographic variable of age/sex showed few effects of moderation (all p>0.10). Conclusion: This study provides the first evidence for transdiagnostic mechanisms in AA, identifying neuroticism and mindfulness as pivotal treatment targets. We suggest for: Revised AA management guidelines incorporating psychological assessments, Development of brief mindfulness interventions tailored for dermatology settings, Increased collaboration between dermatologists and psychologists. These innovations could transform AA from a purely dermatological condition to a biopsychosocial model of care, potentially improving treatment adherence and reducing relapse rates.
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Narges Raoofi Adegani; Maryam Zarnaghash; Majid Barzegar; Nadere Sohrabi Shegefti
Abstract
Objective: Cancer is one of the most important health problems worldwide. Childhood cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and the leading cause of death in children and adolescents. The World Health Organization (2021) estimates that the number of new cases of cancer will increase to 26 million ...
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Objective: Cancer is one of the most important health problems worldwide. Childhood cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and the leading cause of death in children and adolescents. The World Health Organization (2021) estimates that the number of new cases of cancer will increase to 26 million worldwide by 2040, increasing the global burden of cancer. Despite significant advances in the treatment of this chronic disease, this diagnosis is still devastating for family members of children and causes major changes in their lives. The changes in the child's condition, the impact of the side effects of the medication used, and the disease on his physical condition will cause severe psychological problems in mothers. Parental burnout is a significant psychological concern that can adversely affect parenting quality, particularly in mothers who care for children with chronic illnesses such as cancer. These mothers often experience elevated levels of psychological distress due to the emotional, physical, and financial demands of caring for a child with a life-threatening condition. Exposure of parents to prolonged stress related to childcare leads to parental burnout, a state of intense and overwhelming fatigue related to the parental role, in which parents become emotionally distant from their children and, unlike in the past, doubt their capacities as effective and good parents. In recent years, attachment theory and mindfulness have emerged as critical psychological constructs that may influence how individuals cope with stress and caregiving demands. According to Bowlby's attachment theory, the early emotional bonds between the child and the mother (caregiver) are internalized in the form of mental models and are generalized to the child's wider range of interpersonal relationships in the future. The mental model creates a set of expectations and beliefs about the self and others and the relationships between them. Which arouses the individual's emotions in stressful situations. The pattern of these relationships, in the form of attachment style, remains relatively constant throughout the individual's life. Bowlby described three types of attachment in childhood: secure, avoidant, and anxious (ambivalent). This has also been confirmed in adulthood. Mindfulness is defined as paying attention on purpose in the present moment, without judgment. In other words, mindfulness is adopting a non-judgmental attitude toward personal experiences. It is an ongoing, moment-to-moment process that allows the individual to be less reactive and more accepting of these experiences. Mothers with children with chronic diseases, especially cancer, are at serious risk of developing parental burnout syndrome. And so far, parental burnout has not been studied in this at-risk and care-seeking community. Therefore, examining the present conceptual model will be necessary to improve local knowledge about parental burnout in Iranian mothers, especially the sensitive community of mothers with children with cancer, and also to create a perspective to reduce this distressing experience by cultivating awareness in them. Understanding how maternal attachment styles and mindfulness interact to influence parental burnout can contribute to the development of targeted interventions for at-risk mothers. Method: The present study aimed to examine a causal model of parental burnout based on maternal attachment, with the mediating role of mindfulness, in mothers of children diagnosed with cancer. This study employed a descriptive-correlational design using structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypothesized relationships among variables. The statistical population included all mothers of children with cancer who were referred to pediatric oncology units of Omid Hospital in Esfahan, Iran, in 2024. Using convenience sampling, 250 mothers were selected and asked to complete three standardized questionnaires: the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA), the Adult Attachment Scale (Collins & Read, 1990), and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Results: The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 24. The structural model showed a good fit to the data (χ²/df =3.89, RMSEA=0.078, CFI=2.963). The findings indicated that the direct relationship between secure attachment (β=-0.213, p<0.05), avoidant attachment style (β = 0.256, p<0.05), anxious attachment style (β=0.137, p<0.05), and mindfulness (β=-0.66, p<0.05) had significant direct relationships with parental burnout. Nonetheless, the indirect effects of all three attachment styles (secure, anxious, avoidant) on parental burnout through mindfulness as a mediator were found to be significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study aimed to investigate the causal model of parenting burnout in mothers of children with cancer based on maternal attachment with the mediating role of maternal mindfulness. The results supported the direct relationship between secure attachment style and avoidant attachment style negatively, anxious attachment style positively, and maternal mindfulness negatively with parenting burnout. The results showed that maternal mindfulness has a mediating role in parenting burnout based on attachment styles (secure, avoidant, anxious). The study's findings showed that a secure attachment style is negatively associated with burnout among mothers. This means that mothers with secure attachment style experience less parenting burnout. These findings support the theoretical proposition that mindfulness acts as a protective factor against parental burnout and that secure attachment fosters adaptive coping strategies through increased present-moment awareness and emotion regulation. The results emphasize the need for preventive and therapeutic interventions that focus on promoting secure attachment and enhancing mindfulness in mothers of children with cancer. Mindfulness-based parenting programs and attachment-informed counseling could be particularly effective in reducing parental stress and burnout in this high-risk group. In conclusion, this study contributes to the growing body of literature highlighting the interplay between attachment, mindfulness, and psychological well-being among caregiving mothers. It underscores the importance of incorporating psychological factors into pediatric cancer care, not only for the child but also for the primary caregiver. Future research may explore longitudinal designs and intervention studies to establish causal links and practical applications.
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Narjes Ameri; Mahmoud Najafi
Abstract
Objective: Motivation and readiness to change are critical first steps in preventing relapse into substance dependence. Given the importance of assessing an individual’s motivation to change before initiating any intervention for substance abuse or dependency, it is imperative to understand the ...
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Objective: Motivation and readiness to change are critical first steps in preventing relapse into substance dependence. Given the importance of assessing an individual’s motivation to change before initiating any intervention for substance abuse or dependency, it is imperative to understand the potential factors that influence readiness to change in affected individuals. Mindfulness can be considered one of the factors influencing readiness to change. It is defined as the awareness of internal and external experiences without judgment, an openness to both positive and negative experiences, and the acceptance of painful experiences. Striving to compensate for inferiority and decentralization can be considered a factor influencing readiness to change in individuals with substance abuse or dependence. While substantial research has examined mindfulness in individuals with substance abuse issues, there is a limited exploration of how mindfulness intersect with the drive to compensate for feelings of inferiority and decentralization and readiness to change in this population. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the relationships among decentralization, mindfulness, striving to compensate for inferiority, and readiness to change in individuals with substance abuse. Incorporating novel psychotherapy interventions alongside traditional methods and pharmacotherapy may significantly enhance readiness to change among individuals with substance dependency. Should the proposed model be validated, it could inform the development of a targeted inter ventional protocol to increase readiness to change in substance abusers. Method: This research uses a descriptive, correlational approach and has a structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of substance-dependent patients undergoing methadone treatment referring in 2024 to addiction treatment centers in Shahrood. To this end, 312 individuals volunteered to participate. Data were collected using the Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale Miller & Tonigan (1997), Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire Baer et al (2006), Experiences Questionnaire Fresco et al (2007) and the Striving to Avoid Inferiority Scale Gilbert et al (2007). The analysis of the data was carried out using the Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling by SPSS 26 and AMOS 24 software. InstrumentsThe Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES): The SOCRATES has 19 items, with scores ranging from 19 to 95; a higher score indicates greater motivation and enthusiasm for change. In the present study, a Cronbach's alpha of 0.91 was achieved. Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ): The FFMQ has 39 items, with scores ranging from 35 to 195; a higher score indicates greater Mindfulness. In the present study, a Cronbach's alpha of 0.88 was achieved. Experiences Questionnaire (EQ): The EQ has 11 items, with scores ranging from 11 to 55; a higher score indicates greater decentralization. In the present study, a Cronbach's alpha of 0.86 was achieved. Striving to Avoid Inferiority Scale (SAIS): The SAIS has 31 items, with scores ranging from 0 to 124. In the present study, a Cronbach's alpha of 0.90 was achieved. Results: Prior to conducting path analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test confirmed normality assumptions. Given that structural equation analysis relies on Pearson correlation coefficients derived from the sample correlation matrix, it is noteworthy that all correlations reached statistical significance (P<0.01). Furthermore, results pertaining to fit indices indicated the model's satisfactory alignment with the data in this study. According to the results, mindfulness have a positive relationship with readiness to change in individuals with substance abuse (P < 0.001 and β = 0.276).Also, the direct effect of mindfulness on decentralization (β = 0.416) and avoidance of inferiority (β = 0.468) was positive, and the effect of decentralization (β = 0.237) and avoidance of inferiority (β = 0.403) on willingness and readiness for treatment was also positive and significant at the level of (P < 0.001). Overall, the results showed that the model had a good fit.As per Table 1, the Bootstrap test results reveal a significant mediating role of decentralization and feelings of inferiority in the relationship between mindfulness with readiness and eagerness for treatment (P < 0.001 and β=0.287). Conclusion: It is inferred from the findings of this study that increase in mindfulness leads to greater awareness of thoughts, behaviors, and feelings, which in turn fosters acceptance of failures and motivates individuals with substance abuse to compensate for these failures. Striving to compensate for feelings of inferiority increases motivation to change in substance abusers, and if this effort is accompanied by mindfulness and decentralization, there is a greater expectation for change. Feelings of inferiority, stemming from negative childhood experiences, play an important role in individuals’ tendency to abuse drugs and develop addiction; Nevertheless, while interventions aimed at overcoming feelings of inferiority and adopting the Adlerian perspective as a holistic treatment can be effective in treating individuals with substance abuse, it would be beneficial for these interventions to incorporate a focus on mindfulness and decentralization. Additionally, an increase in mindfulness leads to greater awareness of thoughts, behaviors, and feelings, which in turn fosters acceptance of failures and motivates individuals with substance abuse to compensate for these failures.
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Fatemeh Abdoli Arani; MohammadReza Tamannaeifar
Abstract
Objective: The growing trend of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, as well as the increase in the obese and elderly population in different countries caused the growth rate of chronic kidney diseases globally to be higher than the annual growth rate of the world population. It is ...
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Objective: The growing trend of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, as well as the increase in the obese and elderly population in different countries caused the growth rate of chronic kidney diseases globally to be higher than the annual growth rate of the world population. It is estimated that more than 850 million people worldwide are affected by this disease. If kidney diseases are not diagnosed on time and treated appropriately, it leads to end-stage kidney disease. The purpose of the present study was to investigate developing relationship model quality of life, mindfulness and self-compassion with mediating role self-care behaviors among dialysis patients. This was descriptive-correlation research. Method: The statistical population of the study was dialysis patient’s Kashan city in March to July of year 2024. The sample size was selected based on Klein's model (2023) and with subjectivw sampling of 300 dialysis patient’s. Data collection tools include the quality of life-BRIEF of World Health Organization (2004), Freiburg mindfulness inventory of Walach and et al (2006), short form of the self‐compassion scale of Raes and et al (2011) and exercise of self‐care agency scale of Kearney and Fleischer (1979). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and structural equations modeling. Data analysis software was SPSS and AMOS version 28. Results: Te results showed direct effect of mindfulness (β=0.51 and sig=0.001) and self-compassion (β=0.54 and sig=0.001) were significant on quality of life. Also, the results showed that self-care behaviors had a mediating role in relationship between mindfulness (β=0.61 and sig=0.001) and self-compassion (β=0.52 and sig=0.001) with quality of life. Also, the final research model had a good fit (RMSEA=0.03, p<0.05). Conclusion: In explaining the mediating role of self-care behaviors in the relationship between mindfulness and quality of life, it can be said that a dialysis person with mindfulness can help himself to experience more peace and relaxation, this peace and relaxation has helped him to Adhere to self-care and fulfill medical and pharmaceutical orders, and this adherence to self-care in dialysis patients makes them experience a better quality of life. Also, In explaining the mediating role of self-care behaviors in the relationship between self-compassion and quality of life, it can be said that self-compassion can lead to an increase in the level of self-care behaviors and a person can take better and more effective care of him and therefore follow up on his treatment process. slow and adheres to medical and medication orders, as a result, it shows a higher recovery rate, which makes the quality of life of patients better than other dialysis patients. According to the findings of this research and the importance of the role of the mindfulness and self-compassion in quality of life of dialysis patients, it is suggested to experts in this field to use the training of mindfulness and self-compassion to improve quality of life in dialysis patients.
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sara soori; afshin salahian; bita nasrolahi
Abstract
Objective: Chronic musculoskeletal pain includes local pain and referred pain that causes pain in the joints of different parts of the body. Chronic pain has negative and detrimental effects on the psychological and physical performance of patients and causes physical and mental problems for patients. ...
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Objective: Chronic musculoskeletal pain includes local pain and referred pain that causes pain in the joints of different parts of the body. Chronic pain has negative and detrimental effects on the psychological and physical performance of patients and causes physical and mental problems for patients. Inactivity, excessive mental stress, excessive mental stress, and prolonged poor posture can all cause muscle strain that directly affects nerve endings, causing chronic pain. Although pain as a general sensation has biological bases, but because pain is affected by psychological and social factors in addition to biochemical factors. Recent models have examined pain in a multidimensional way and have emphasized the role of psychological factors in the process of pain perception. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy and mindfulness therapy in improving self-efficacy, conflict in emotional expression, and pain perception in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Method: The research method in the present study was semi-experimental and a pre-test and post-test design was used along with the control group. The statistical population of the present study includes all patients suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain in Tehran in 2022. Using the available sampling method, 60 people were randomly selected into 3 groups of 20 people: emotion-oriented treatment, mindfulness treatment and control were divided. Pain self-efficacy, emotional conflict and disease perception questionnaires were used to collect data. Analysis of covariance test and SPSS statistical software were used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that emotion-oriented and mindfulness therapy has a significant effect on improving self-efficacy, emotion expression conflict, and pain perception, and these results were still stable in the 3-month follow-up (p<0.05). Comparing the effect of the two intervention methods, the results of the Sheffeh test showed that the effect of emotion-oriented treatment on the conflict of emotion expression and pain perception was significantly higher than that of mindfulness treatment (p<0.05). The results of the Scheffe test show that there is no statistically significant difference between the two experimental groups and the control group in the pain self-efficacy scores (p<0.05), and in other words, the effect of the two methods was almost the same; However, the effect of the treatment on the emotional expression variable had a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). So, it can be said that the emotion-oriented treatment had a greater effect than the mindfulness treatment. Also, the results of the Shefeh test showed that the effect of emotion-oriented treatment on patients' pain perception had a statistically significant difference (p<0.05), in other words, the effect of emotion-oriented treatment on the pain perception variable was greater than that of mindfulness treatment. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded to help improve self-efficacy, emotional expression conflict and pain perception of patients with chronic pain, emotion-oriented and pain mindfulness treatment is effective and it is recommended due to the higher effect of emotion-oriented treatment intervention in improving conflict expression Emotion and pain perception of chronic pain patients should use this intervention method.
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Ahmad ali Nematpour darzi; sajjad basharpoor; Dariush Moslemi
Abstract
Objective: Cancer is one of the diseases that is the cause of many deaths in the world today, and it is also one of the types of chronic diseases that has attracted the attention of many researchers. Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery Training is a specific intervention to improve the psychological problems ...
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Objective: Cancer is one of the diseases that is the cause of many deaths in the world today, and it is also one of the types of chronic diseases that has attracted the attention of many researchers. Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery Training is a specific intervention to improve the psychological problems of cancer patients, therefore the purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery Training on catastrophizing the perceived pain and stress of cancer patients. Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all cancer patients who were diagnosed with cancer in 2021 at Shahid Rajaei Center in Babolsar city. The study sample of 30 people was selected through purposive sampling and randomly divided into two groups of 15 people (control group of 15 people and experimental group of 15 people). The experimental group was trained in Carlson and Speka's Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery, which was held in the form of 8 sessions of 90 minutes and held once a week. The pain catastrophizing questionnaire of Sullivan et al. (1995) and the perceived stress scale of Cohen, Kamrak and Mermelstein (1983) were used to collect data. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis in SPSS 27 software. Results: Before performing covariance analysis, its assumptions were first tested.Accordingly, by examining the results of the Shapiro-Wilk test, it was found that the sample distribution of the data in the variables of positive perception of stress, negative perception of stress and catastrophizing of pain is normal.To check the homogeneity of variances, Levine's test was used for the variable of pain catastrophizing (p>0.05; F=0.004) and the variable of perceived stress (p>0.05; F=0.074). The results showed that the assumption of equality of variances of two groups is maintained at the community level.In this regard, the box test also confirmed the assumption of homogeneity of variance and covariance of the two groups (p>0.05; F=1.136). The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed that after controlling for pre-test effects, there was a significant difference between the average scores of the two experimental and control groups in the variables of pain catastrophizing and perceived stress (p<0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, it is concluded that the healing of cancer based on mindfulness is a desirable and suitable intervention to influence the catastrophizing of pain and perceived stress of cancer patients.
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Khatereh Faqirzada; Fateme Dehghani-Arani
Abstract
Objective: The research explores the effectiveness of mindfulness training on executive functions in professional bodybuilders with physical injuries, with a focus on its impact on reducing mental rumination. The study investigates how mindfulness may influence cognitive functions and whether this ...
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Objective: The research explores the effectiveness of mindfulness training on executive functions in professional bodybuilders with physical injuries, with a focus on its impact on reducing mental rumination. The study investigates how mindfulness may influence cognitive functions and whether this influence is mediated by a decrease in mental rumination among the athletes. Method: he research is an applied semi-experimental study employing a randomized controlled trial design. It focuses on professional bodybuilders with physical injuries in Tehran, with a final sample of 40 participants. The participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Both groups completed pretests, and the experimental group received a 12-session mindfulness program while the control group had no intervention. Posttests were administered to both groups. Executive Function Questionnaire (EFQ), Ruminative Response Styles (RRS), and a Mindfulness Program Protocol were utilized as research tools. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used for data analysis, and path analysis assessed the mediating role of rumination in the intervention's effectiveness on executive functions. Results: Results Summary: After adjusting for pretest differences, there was a significant reduction in posttest rumination scores in the experimental group compared to the control group (P < 0.01, F = 37.14), with 28% of the changes attributed to the intervention. Mindfulness intervention effectively decreased rumination (P < 0.01). Moreover, 79% of the changes in posttest scores of executive functions were linked to the intervention. Significant differences in posttest scores were observed in overall executive functions (P < 0.01, F = 31.38), memory (P < 0.01, F = 31.52), inhibitory control and selective attention (P < 0.01, F = 31.69), and decision-making (P < 0.01, F = 31.28). No significant differences were found in planning, sustained attention, social cognition, and cognitive flexibility (P > 0.05). The effect size indicated that 28% of changes in executive functions, 63% in memory, 77% in inhibitory control and selective attention, and 48% in decision-making were due to the intervention. Path analysis showed significant coefficients for the influence of the mindfulness program on executive functions, memory, inhibitory control, and decision-making. Rumination played a mediating role in the effectiveness of the mindfulness program on executive functions. Conclusion: Mindfulness-based therapy effectively reduces cognitive distortions in professional bodybuilder athletes with physical injuries. By cultivating awareness through deep breathing and thoughtful attention, the therapy enhances mental well-being. The study highlights the mediating role of cognitive distortions in the effectiveness of mindfulness on executive functions. This suggests that mindfulness intervention positively influences executive functions by mitigating cognitive distortions. The findings advocate for the incorporation of mindfulness programs in sports psychology and therapy centers to enhance athletes' mental health.
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Forough Esrafilian; Hojjatollah Farahani; Farzin Bagheri Sheykhangafshe
Abstract
Objective: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and potentially debilitating disease that affects the central nervous system, which comprises the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. MS disrupts the flow of information within and between the brain and body, leading to a wide range of physical and cognitive ...
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Objective: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and potentially debilitating disease that affects the central nervous system, which comprises the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. MS disrupts the flow of information within and between the brain and body, leading to a wide range of physical and cognitive symptoms. This condition is characterized by an abnormal immune response that targets myelin, the protective sheath surrounding nerve fibers, resulting in inflammation and damage. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between emotional adaptation and mindfulness with the mediation of cognitive emotion regulation in patients with MS. Method: The method of this research was descriptive and the research design was a correlation design. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all people with MS in Tehran in 2022. For this purpose, the Iranian MS Association was referred and 300 patients were selected through voluntary and accessible sampling. To collect research data, questionnaires on emotional adaptation (Rubio et al, 2007), mindfulness (Cardaciotto et al, 2008), and, cognitive emotion regulation (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006) were used. A unified questionnaire comprising all the scales was prepared to conduct this research. Subsequently, in coordination with the Iranian MS Society, individuals were contacted. If they volunteered and were willing to participate in the study, they were asked to visit the MS Society or MS treatment centers in Tehran to complete the questionnaire. The questionnaires were distributed individually, and during the research implementation, necessary explanations regarding how to respond and the purpose of the research were provided to the patients. The research was conducted from September to December 2022. Additionally, to adhere to ethical considerations, patients were assured that the research data would be analyzed collectively. Ethical principles in writing the article were followed according to the guidelines of the National Ethics Committee and the COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) code of conduct. For data analysis in this research, descriptive statistical indices (mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis) and inferential statistical indices (Pearson correlation coefficient, path analysis) were used via SPSS and LISREL software version 24. Results: The results obtained from this research showed that the dimensions of mind-awareness (awareness focused on the present moment and acceptance) as exogenous variables of the research on the dimensions of emotional adaptation (lack of regulation of emotional and physiological arousals, hopelessness, and wishful thinking) have both direct and indirect effects (P<0.001). These effects underscore the complex interplay between present-moment awareness, acceptance, and the emotional processes in individuals with MS. The indirect effects were mediated through various pathways, indicating that mind awareness influences emotional adaptation directly and through its impact on other intermediate variables and coping mechanisms. Conclusion: What can be concluded from the present findings is the importance of training mindfulness skills in MS patients and improving cognitive skills in emotional regulation. According to the stress perceived by these people, the more a person focuses on desires and destructive thoughts loses focus on the present, and cannot accept his illness, the course and process of the disease will undoubtedly be faster. Future research should continue to explore the benefits of mindfulness and emotional regulation training in MS patients. Longitudinal studies could provide deeper insights into how these interventions impact disease progression and quality of life over time. Additionally, research could investigate the optimal methods for delivering mindfulness training to MS patients, considering factors such as disease severity, cognitive function, and individual preferences.
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Mojtaba Aghili; Seyedeh Elham Seyedi
Abstract
Objective: Blood pressure is actually one of the most asymptomatic risk factors, which is usually discovered at the same time as irreversible complications such as heart and brain strokes occur. Considering the high prevalence of high blood pressure in Iran and since access to psychological treatments ...
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Objective: Blood pressure is actually one of the most asymptomatic risk factors, which is usually discovered at the same time as irreversible complications such as heart and brain strokes occur. Considering the high prevalence of high blood pressure in Iran and since access to psychological treatments at least at the same time as drug treatments accelerates and makes the recovery more stable, this research aims to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness on defense mechanisms, behavioral brain systems and early arousal in affected patients. Blood pressure was done. Method: The present study was applied in terms of its purpose and semi-experimental with a control group in terms of implementation method. The statistical population included all patients with blood pressure in Azadshahr and had health records in urban health-treatment centers in 2022. Using available sampling method, 30 patients were selected and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group underwent 8 90-minute sessions of mindfulness therapy, but the control group did not receive any intervention until the end of the study. The research tools were Andrews et al.'s defensive styles questionnaire (1993), Carver and White's behavioral brain systems (1994), and Barrett et al.'s (2004) impulsivity questionnaire. Research data were analyzed by multivariate covariance analysis and spss software version 24. Results: The mean and standard deviation of defense mechanisms, brain systems of behavior and impulsivity for the pre-test and post-test stages showed that after the mindfulness treatment, the scores of the experimental group had a significant difference. Also, the results showed that mindfulness treatment is effective on defense mechanisms,behavioral brain systems and impulsivity in patients with high blood pressure (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the research indicate that, since the use of underdeveloped and neurotic defense mechanisms are destructive and increase stress and cause the aggravation of mental disorders and increase stress and primary blood pressure, therefore, in order to reduce the use of these underdeveloped mechanisms, it is necessary for people Stay away from judgment and understand your feelings and accept them as they are. Mindfulness leads to the attitude that thoughts and feelings are transitory, and the above attitude makes it possible to see thoughts and feelings as just thoughts or just feelings, which eventually leads to a reduction in self-thoughts and rumination and a reduction in unpleasant states. and mindfulness with the person's awareness of their cognitive cycles and reducing negative thoughts plays an important role in improving defense mechanisms and brain-behavioral systems in patients with high blood pressure. Also, with the increase in mindfulness, the power of emotional control and self-management of patients with high blood pressure increases, and they are able to directly control their emotions caused by impulsivity.
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Elahe Aslami; Akram Malekzadeh; Fahime Rajabi
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of personality traits, mindfulness and gender role attitudes on the post-traumatic growth of infertile women in Ahvaz. Method: The research was a correlational study and the statistical population was all infertile women in Ahvaz ...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of personality traits, mindfulness and gender role attitudes on the post-traumatic growth of infertile women in Ahvaz. Method: The research was a correlational study and the statistical population was all infertile women in Ahvaz who referred to the obstetrics and gynecology clinics of this city in 1400. The sample was 150 infertile women who were selected by available sampling method. The five-factor short form personality questionnaire of NEO (1992), Bem Gender Role questionnaire (1976), Baer et al (2006) Mindfulness questionnaire and Tedeschi and Calhoun (1996) post-traumatic growth questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software. Findings: The results of multiple regression analysis test showed that the neuroticism component was negative and the extroversion, agreeableness components and Mindfulness were positive and significant in predicting post-traumatic growth. In addition, the results of one-way analysis of variance test showed that women with an androgynous gender role attitude had the highest post-traumatic growth and women with a female gender role attitude had the lowest growth. Conclusion: The traumatic experience of infertility can be turned into a growth experience by training of mindfulness and reducing the attitude of the traditional female gender role.
seyyed hamed vahedi ardakani; shirin kooshki; mohammad oraki; amenehsadat kazemi
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hypnotherapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy (MBSR) on wound healing and perceived stress in post abdominal surgery patients. Method: The statistical population included all patients who were candidates for abdominal ...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hypnotherapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy (MBSR) on wound healing and perceived stress in post abdominal surgery patients. Method: The statistical population included all patients who were candidates for abdominal surgery admitted to Golestan Hospital in Tehran. 75 of these patients were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into 3 study groups. The first group received an 8-session intervention of hypnotherapy and the second group received an 8-session MBSR intervention and the third group was considered as a control. Data were collected using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Scale (Bates-Jensen & Sussman, 2012) and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (Cohen et al., 1983) and analyzed by repeated measurement variance analysis. Findings: The results showed that hypnotherapy and MBSR have an effect on wound healing and perceived stress in post abdominal surgery patients (P <0.001). Conclusion: Hypnotherapy and MBSR accelerate wound healing and also reduce side effects and perceived stress in the post-test and follow-up phase in the above patients. Therefore, these two treatment models can be used as adjunctive therapy to prevent or reduce complications after abdominal surgery.
maryam abedini; bahman akbari; abbas sadeghi; samereh asadimajreh
Abstract
Objective: Cancer affects various aspects of a patient's quality of life, including mental, psychological, social, and economic status. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between mindfulness and resilience with emotional well-being due to the role of emotion regulation in cancer patients. ...
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Objective: Cancer affects various aspects of a patient's quality of life, including mental, psychological, social, and economic status. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between mindfulness and resilience with emotional well-being due to the role of emotion regulation in cancer patients. Method: The method of this research is descriptive and the correlational research design is structural equation modeling. The statistical population in this study includes cancer patients in 1399 who were selected by purposive sampling. The sample consisted of 200 (male and female) cancer patients in hospitals in Tehran. To collect data from the Freiburg Sawer et al.'s (2011) Short Form of Mindfulness, Wagnild & Young (2009) Resilience Scale, the Gross and John Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2002), and the emotional Well-Being Scale of Keys & Magyarmo (2003) was used. Bootstrap method was used to analyze the intermediate. Findings: The results showed that mindfulness and resilience have a direct and significant effect on emotional well-being. Also, the direct effect of mindfulness and resilience on emotion regulation was significant. the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between mindfulness and resilience with emotional well-being was not significant. Conclusion: The results of the research have implications for health professionals and psychologists and it can be concluded that mindfulness and resilience have a direct effect on the emotional well-being of cancer patients.
ghazale khayyer; gholam reza manshaei
Abstract
Objective: Physiologic and chronic diseases damage the children’s psychological, communicative, social and emotional processes. Therefore, the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of child-oriented mindfulness on pain self-efficacy and pain anxiety of the children ...
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Objective: Physiologic and chronic diseases damage the children’s psychological, communicative, social and emotional processes. Therefore, the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of child-oriented mindfulness on pain self-efficacy and pain anxiety of the children with rheumatism. Method: It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest, control group and two-month follow-up period. The statistical society included the children with rheumatism in the city of Isfahan in the autumn of 2018. 30 children with rheumatism were selected through non-random convenient sampling and randomly replaced into experimental and control groups. Then the experimental group received ten sixty-minute sessions of child-oriented mindfulness interventions during three months. The applied questionnaires included pain anxiety signs (Mc Cracken, et.al, 1992) and pain self-efficacy scale (Nicholas, 1989). The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA. Findings: The results of the study showed that mindfulness therapy has significantly influenced pain self-efficacy and pain anxiety of the children with rheumatism (F=83.54, F=311.23, p<0.001). Moreover, the results showed that this therapy was able to significantly maintain its effect in time (p<0.001). The degree of statistical effect of mindfulness therapy on mindfulness on pain self-efficacy and pain anxiety was 74% and 91% respectively in the children with rheumatism. Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that mindfulness therapy employing techniques such as thoughts, emotions and mindful behavior can be applied as an efficient therapy to increase pain self-efficacy and decrease pain anxiety of the children with rheumatism.
mahbobeh karbalaie; kamran yazdanbakhsh; parvane karimi
Abstract
Objective: Cancer is life-threatening and a major challenge to the well-being of those affected.The purpose of this study was to predict psychological well-being based on emotion regulation strategies, cognitive flexibility and mindfulness in cancer patients. Method: The research design was correlational. ...
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Objective: Cancer is life-threatening and a major challenge to the well-being of those affected.The purpose of this study was to predict psychological well-being based on emotion regulation strategies, cognitive flexibility and mindfulness in cancer patients. Method: The research design was correlational. The statistical population of the study was women with cancer referred to the Cancer Campaign, Institution, and Association in Tehran during the first three months of the year 119 people were selected using available sampling method. Participants responded voluntarily to the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Gross & John, 2003), Cognitive Flexibility (Dennis & Vanderval, 2010), Mindfulness (Brown & Ryan, 2003), and Psychological Well-being (Reef, 1989). The data were analyzed by SPSS v.21 and Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. Findings: The results showed that the variables of re-evaluation of emotion regulation, cognitive flexibility, and mindfulness were positively and significantly correlated with psychological well-being, and the relationship between the repressive component of emotion regulation with psychological well-being was negative and significant. Conclusion: Psychological well-being has positive effects on the mental health and endurance of cancer patients, as emotion regulation, cognitive flexibility, and mindfulness are associated with psychological well-being, so these factors are needed in treatment and consider patients and plan effective interventions in this area.
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Alireza Pirkhaefi; Morteza Rozbahani; Seyedeh Sara Rastgoo
Abstract
Objective: This research was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of Group Mindfulness-Based Cognitive-Therapy on somatic symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Method: The present research was a semi-experimental and pre-test post-test design with follow-up period. The Statistical ...
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Objective: This research was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of Group Mindfulness-Based Cognitive-Therapy on somatic symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Method: The present research was a semi-experimental and pre-test post-test design with follow-up period. The Statistical population of the study included all female patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders in Rasht city who referred to treatment clinics. For this study sample, 32 patients with irritable bowel syndrome were selected based on the Rome-II diagnostic criteria, by convenience sampling by gastroenterologists, assigned to mindfulness (16 patients) and control (16 patients) groups. Participants in the two groups were tested before the intervention, at the end of the intervention (two months after training) and two months later in the follow-up phase. The experimental group received 8 mindfulness sessions. The Rome-II diagnostic criterion was used to diagnose and evaluate the physical symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome disorder and used to a short form of psychological symptoms questionnaire to evaluate psychological symptoms. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.Result: The results showed that the average scores of physical symptoms in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group in the post-test and follow-up stages.Conclusion: According to results, training of Group Mindfulness-Based Cognitive-Therapy helps to improve the level and severity of symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
A
sayyed Reza mirmahdi; marzeieh razaali
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on resilince, emotion regulation and life expectancy among women with diabetes. Method: The method of research was semi-experimental with pretest and posttest control group. Data were collected ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on resilince, emotion regulation and life expectancy among women with diabetes. Method: The method of research was semi-experimental with pretest and posttest control group. Data were collected from the Responding Questionnaire by Connor and Davidson (2003), Garnowski Critical Settlement Questionnaire (2006), and Miller & Wacky Hope Questionnaire (1988). The sample were 30 patient women who were selected by available sampling and were randomly placed in tow groups of experimental group and control group. The experimental group received 9 sessions Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy. Result: The results of this study showed that mindfulness education is not effective in improving the life expectancy of women with diabetes (p>0/05) However, had significant effect on resilince and emotion regulation of women with diabetes (p<0/05). Conclusion: mindfulness can play an important role as adjunctive and Rehabilitation therapies with medical treatment.
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Zoha Saeedi; Nima Ghorbani; Mehdi reza Sarafraz; Atefe Zabihi
Volume 6, Issue 24 , March 2018, , Pages 69-86
Abstract
Objective: Scientists have always been interested in the mutual relationship between psychological and physical health. Besides, the emotion regulation strategies as the moderator play a great role in this relationship. The aim of the present study was to explore how repressiveness and mindfulness may ...
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Objective: Scientists have always been interested in the mutual relationship between psychological and physical health. Besides, the emotion regulation strategies as the moderator play a great role in this relationship. The aim of the present study was to explore how repressiveness and mindfulness may play a role as a moderator in the effects of psychological distress on the physical symptoms.Method: In this regard, 271 Iranian university students answered the short-form of the Weinberger Adjustment Inventory, the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale, and the Bartone Symptoms checklist. Results: The result of the hierarchical regression analysis showed the moderating effect of repressiveness and mindfulness. This means, in high distress, those with high mindfulness and those with high repressiveness, reported lower scores in physical symptoms. Whilst, in the low distress, those with high repressiveness, reported more scores in physical symptoms than those with low repressiveness. Conclusion: These results are discussed in terms of adaptivity of the mindfulness and repressors' overly positive self-evaluations in the different distress situations
Mohamad Hatami; Mitra GHasemi; Jafar Hasani
Volume 5, Issue 18 , July 2016, , Pages 69-86
Abstract
Objective: Chronic pain is a common medical illnesses . Purpose of this study is investigating the effectiveness of combination of Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies on mindfulness, resiliency and quality of life in patients with chronic pain in Tehran. Methods: ...
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Objective: Chronic pain is a common medical illnesses . Purpose of this study is investigating the effectiveness of combination of Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies on mindfulness, resiliency and quality of life in patients with chronic pain in Tehran. Methods: 2 patients with chronic pain were selected through convenience sampling and answered to these questionnaire; Connor and Davidson Resiliency Scale, Bauer and colleagues mindfulness questionnaire and quality of life questionnaire. This study was a basic, multiline, and single subject research. Results: CBT and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies has significant effects on increasing the scores of all three scales in both cases. So that the percentage of improvement in the scale of the mind awareness, resiliency and quality of life, for the first case has been respectively -71/57, -63/04 and -64/93 and for the second case was -76/66, -76 and -72/09 . Conclusion: Cognitive behavior therapy and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies is effective in increasing the mindfulness, resiliency and quality of life in patients with chronic pain.
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Hossien Zare; Narges Mohammadi; Payman Motaghi Motaghi; Hamid Afshar; Layla Poorkazem
Volume 3, Issue 12 , December 2015, , Pages 97-117
Abstract
Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of modified Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in catastrophizing, acceptance and severity of pain in Fibromyalgia patients. Method: This study was a semi-experimental study. 24 women with Fibromyalgia were randomly allocated to mindfulness ...
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Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of modified Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in catastrophizing, acceptance and severity of pain in Fibromyalgia patients. Method: This study was a semi-experimental study. 24 women with Fibromyalgia were randomly allocated to mindfulness intervention and control group. Then Pain Cataststrophizing Scale, Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire and Multidimensional Pain Inventory were completed by subjects in both groups before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using analysis of multi covariance (MANCOVA). Results: The results of multi covariance analysis showed that cataststrophizing, acceptance and pain severity have significant differences between two groups (p< 0/01). Moreover, there are significant differences in subscales of pain cataststrophizing (rumination, magnification and helplessness) and pain acceptance (Activities engagement and Pain willingness) between groups (p< 0/01). Conclusion: The Results support effectiveness of modified mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in reducing cataststrophizing and pain severity, and increasing pain acceptance in Fibromyalgia patients.
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mojtaba habibi; S Imani; S Pashaei; M Zahiri Sorori; J Mirzaee; M Zare
Volume 2, Issue 5 , June 2013, , Pages 63-81
Abstract
Objective: The effectiveness of mindfulness on quality of life, especially improvement in the psychological and physical health of opium abusers was evaluated. Method: The sixty opium abuser cases were randomly selected from the Andishe Rahaee clinic and assigned into control and experimental groups ...
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Objective: The effectiveness of mindfulness on quality of life, especially improvement in the psychological and physical health of opium abusers was evaluated. Method: The sixty opium abuser cases were randomly selected from the Andishe Rahaee clinic and assigned into control and experimental groups with pretest and posttest design method. The experimental group under take 8 sessions Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, while the control group received no intervention. The assessment of the Quality of Life Scale (sf-36) was done in pre-test and post-test on the physical functioning, physical role, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional and emotional well-being subscales and data were analyzed by MANCOVA. Results: The MANCOVA showed that experimental and control group was paired in pretest point, and Mindfulness training increased the psychological and physical health scores significantly in the experimental group. Conclusion: Mindfulness-Based Treatment Program could be as selective intervention program in addicts’ population to improving quality of life.
