Document Type : Scientific Research
Authors
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present research is the study of the effect of the stroop test on the amounts of the salivary cortisol, pulse and blood pressure of the students of the medical sciences university of Ilam city.
Methods: Sample volume included 20 people and the sampling method was a simple random one. The participants were divided randomly to two groups of the control and test. The test (experiment) group was exposed to the stroop test. The sample of the slaver pulse and the blood pressure of the participants was taken twice; once before and once after the administration of the stroop test.
Results: The results of the Univariate analyzes of covariance (ANCOVA) showed that there were a significant difference between two groups of stroop and control in terms of the salivary cortisol in the level of P< 0.05 also, the results of the multivariate analysis of covariance(MANCOVA) showed that the difference of the pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups of the stroop and control groups was statistically significant in the level of P
Conclusion: This study showed that stroop test as a stress- causing resource stimulates HPA and SAM axis and increase the salivary cortisol, pulse and blood pressure in the students.
Keywords
ترخان، م.؛ صفارینیا، م. و خوش‌سیما. ر. (1391). «اثربخشی آموزش گروهی مصون‌سازی در برابر استرس بر فشارخون سیستولیک و دیاستولیک و کیفیت زندگی زنان مبتلا به فشارخون بالا». مجله روانشناسی سلامت دانشگاه پیام نور. شماره 1.
گایتون، آ. و هال، ج. (1375). فیزیولوژی پزشکی. ترجمه فرخ شادان، انتشارات چهر، تهران، ج 2.
علی پور، ا. و نوربالا، ا.ع. (1383).
مبانی سایکونوروایمونولوژی. انتشارات دانشگاه علوم پزشکی.
نریمانی، م. و همکاران. (1390). «اثربخشی آموزش مدیریت استرس بر کاهش علائم روان‌شناختی و کنترل قند خون بیماران دیابتی». مجله روانشناسی سلامت دانشگاه پیام نور. شماره 3.
نجاریان، ب. و براتی سده، ف. (1372). «آزمون استروپ». مجله پژوهش‌های روان‌شناختی. دوره 2، شماره 1 و 2. صفحه 65 تا 55.27.
Anderson, B.L. & Cancer. (1998). In: H. S. Friedman (Ed), Encyclopedia of mental health. (Vol.1) San Diego: Academic Press.
Berntson, G.G.J.T. & Quigley, K.S. (1991). “Autonomic determinism: the modes of autonomic control, the doctrine of autonomic space, and the laws of autonomic constraint”. Psychological Review. 98, 459-487.
Bonneau, R.H.; Sheridan, J.F; Feng, N. & Glaser. R. (1991). “Stress induced superssion of herps simplex virus (HSV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte and natural killer cell activity and enhancement of acute pathogenesis following local HSV infection”. Brain Behav. Immun. 5:170-192.
Cacioppo, J. F.; Berntson, G.G. & Glaser. (1995). “Heterogeneity in neuroendocrine and immune responses to brief psychological stressors as a function of autonomic cardiac activation”. Psychosomatic Medicine. 57, 154-164.
Cohen, S. & Rabin, B.S. (1998). “Psychologic stress، Immunity and cancer”. Journal of the National canser institure.Bethesda، Jan: 7
Clow, A. (2004). “Cortisol as a biomarker of stress”. J Holist.1(3):10-14.
Delahanty, D.L.; Wang, T.; Maravich, C.; Forlenza, M. & Bauma, (2000). A.Health psychology. 19(1): 39-45.
Flavia Teixeira, S. & Leite, J.R. (2000). “Physiological modifications and increase in state anxiety in volunteers submitted to the Stroop Color–Word Interference Test: A preliminary study”. Physiology & Behavior. 70 113-118.
Guyton, A.C. & Hall, J.E. (2006). Textbook of Medical Physiology (11th Ed). Phil. PA: Elsevier Saunders.
Guyron, A.C. & Hall, G.E. (2000). Textbook of Medical Physiology (10th Ed). Philadelphia. PA: WB Saunders Company. pp: 869-883.
Leite, J.R.’ Maria DE Lourdes V.
Seabra’, Vania. Sartorli and Roberto Andreatini’ 1999.( The video-recorded stroop color-word test as a new model of experimentally-induced anxiety. Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacoh Biol Psychiat 1999, Vol. 23, pp. 8098-22.
Kalman BA،Grahn RE. 2004. Measuring salivary cortisol in the behavioral neuroscience laboratory. J. Undergr Neurosc Educ. 2:41-49.
Karen J. Mathewson a, Michelle K. Jetha a, Irene E. Drmic b, Susan E. Bryson c,d, Joel O. Goldberg b,e,Geoffrey B. Hall e, Diane L. Santesso f, Sidney J. Segalowitz f, Louis A. Schmidt a, (2010). Autonomic predictors of Stroop performance in young and middle-aged adults. International Journal of Psychophysiology 76 (2010) 123–129.
Kirschbaum C, Hellhammer DH. 1989. Salivary cortisol in psychobiological research: an overview. Neuropsychobiology. 22(3):150-69.
Kobasa SC. Stressful life events, Personality and health: an inquiry in to hardiness. J. Psychol. 1979; 37:1-11.
Kudielka BM, Buske-Kirschbaum A, Hellh Kirschbaum C. 2004. Differential heart rate reactivity and r psychosocial stress (TSST) in healthy children, younge elderly adults: the impact of age and gender. Int J.11 (2):116-21
Kudielka, B. M. Kirschbaum, C. (2005). Sex differences in HPA axis responses to stress: a review. Biological Psychology, 69:113–132.
MacLeod, C.M. (1991). Half a century of research on the stroop Effect: An integrative revives Psychology Bulletin. 109 (2), 162-203.
Passer, M.W. & Smith, R.E. Psychology: (2001) Frontiers & Applications (International Edition) Boston Burr Ridge, USA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. (pp. 433-447).
Pawlow, L.A. & Jones, G.E. (2002). “The impact of abbreviated progressive muscle relaxation on salivary cortisol”. Boil psycho, 60(1):1-16.
Peter, C. & Gazez, M.D. (2004). “Cotinious cardiographic monitoring of football coaches during games”. Ame Hea Jou, 78(4):509-12.
Roger, D. & Jamison, J. (1988) “Individual differences in delayed heart rate recovery following stress: The role of neuroticism and emotional control”. Personality and Individual Differences. 9, 721-726.
Sarafino, E.P.; Eastlack, S.C. & Macarty. C.P. (1995). connections among parent and child alopic illnesses. Paper presented at the meeting of the society of Behavioral Mediciane in Boston.
S troop, J.R. (1935). “Studies of interference in serisl verbal reactions”. Journal of Experimental psychology. 18. 643-66.
Ulrich-Lai, Y.M. & Herman, J.P. (2009). “Neural regulation of endocrine and autonomic Stress responses”. Nature Reviews: Neuroscience. 10:397-409.
J.G.C.; Kamphuis, J.H.P & Emmelkamp, M.G. (2003). “Physiological differences between burnout patients and healthy controls: blood pressure, heart rate, and cortisol responses. Physiological differences between burnout patients and healthy controls”. Occup Environ Med; 60(Suppl I):i54-i61
Yati, N.; Boutcher, S. & Boutcher, H. (2006). “Cardiovascular response to Stroop: Effect of verbalresponse and task difficulty”. University of New South Wales, Australia. Biological Psychology. 73 (2006) 235-241.
)