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The Effectiveness of Hope Therapy on Cognitive-Behavioral Avoidance and Self-Care Activities in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Document Type : Scientific Research

Authors

1 PhD student in Counseling, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Dezful Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezful, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran

Abstract

Objective:  one of the most common chronic diseases afflicting a wide range of human population is diabetes. In addition to the body, it also affects psychological characteristics, as well as personal and social functioning of the person. Since type II diabetes has many physical and psychological complications, and meanwhile the prevalence of this disease is growing based on predictions, thus development of short-term therapeutic interventions that would promote self-care activities in these patients while also helping them use less of avoidant behaviors as they cause possible harms is essential. Accordingly, increasing hope through hope therapy in these patients can underlie positive transformations in the impaired areas of life. As such, the aim of the present research is to investigate the effectiveness of hope therapy on cognitive behavioral avoidance and self-care behavior among patients with type II diabetes. Method:  this quasi-experimental research was performed based on pretest posttest design with control group. The statistical population consisted of all married women and men suffering from type II diabetes in Ahwaz city, who were a member of diabetes Association of this city in 2021. Then, 40 subjects from the applicant individuals and willing to participate in the research with lower scores compared to the mean value of diabetes self-care questionnaires (Tubert et al., 2000) and cognitive behavioral avoidance (Attenberg and Dabson, 2004) were chosen purposefully. After matching the subjects based on demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and history of disease, they were randomly assigned into two groups of 20: treatment group with hope therapy method (n=20) and control group (n=20). Results:   the findings indicated that there was a difference between the hope therapy treatment group and control group regarding cognitive behavioral avoidance (F=75.680, p<0.001). Furthermore, for the variable of self-care activities, there was a significant difference between the hope therapy group and control group regarding self-care activities (F=40.240 and p<0.001). Thus, hope therapy had a significant impact on cognitive behavioral avoidance and self-care activities among type II diabetes patients (p<0.05). Conclusion:  based on the findings of the present research, a significant difference was found between the treatment group and control in the variables of cognitive behavioral avoidance and self-care activities. In other words, hope therapy has been effective on reducing the extent of cognitive behavioral avoidance of type II diabetes patients in Ahwaz city, and hope therapy has been influential on enhancing self-care activities of these patients in Ahwaz city. Thus, based on these findings, hope therapy can be an effective method for reducing cognitive behavioral avoidance and enhancing self-care activities among patients with type II diabetes. It is suggested that this therapeutic method be used as a complement to pharmacotherapy in governmental and private centers who deal with treating type II diabetes patients.

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References
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Health Psychology
Volume 13, Issue 50
September 2024
Pages 7-22
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