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somaye shokri; elham nanab; shieva esmailie; yasaman jahed; Hamid Haghani; Mahboubeh shali
Abstract
Objective: Mental and psychological problems of the patient's family, as an important issue, is presented in the special care section, which can be caused by the lack of awareness of the family regarding the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of the patient. Anxiety caused by the hospitalization of a ...
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Objective: Mental and psychological problems of the patient's family, as an important issue, is presented in the special care section, which can be caused by the lack of awareness of the family regarding the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of the patient. Anxiety caused by the hospitalization of a family member in the intensive care unit is one of the problems in the family of patients. The presence of anxiety in a patient's family member limits his ability to provide help and can exacerbate the patient's concerns. In addition to anxiety, delirium is another unpleasant experience for family caregivers. Delirium is a fluctuating cognitive impairment and an acute problem in hospitalized patients that can cause psychological responses in family caregivers. Having a proper assessment of the needs of the families of patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit and efforts to strengthen the care system in response to these needs can improve the quality of care and increase satisfaction with receiving care services. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between patient delirium and anxiety in family caregivers of patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Method: In this cross-sectional study in 2024, 256 pairs of patients and family caregivers of patients admitted to the intensive care unit were selected using proportional stratified sampling. To collect information, three questionnaires including demographic information, CAM-ICU questionnaire and GAD7 questionnaire were used. Inclusion criteria for patients included age equal to 18 years or more, Richmond Sedation Scale score≥3 and stay more than 24 hours in the intensive care unit. Entry criteria for family caregivers of hospitalized patients included age 18 and older, having the duty of caring for the patient, and the ability to fill out questionnaires. In this study, family caregivers were considered to be people who take direct care of the patient without getting paid, who can be the patient's family, relatives, or friends. Exclusion criteria for the family included inability to cooperate with the research team (eg, hearing impairment, inability to communicate) and having a history of anxiety and depression. These criteria for patients included severe neurological injury (eg, severe traumatic brain injury), predicted length of stay in the intensive care unit of less than 24 hours, and Glasgow Coma Scale score <9. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software. Results: The delirium score was reported positive in 200 cases of patients (78.1%). 240 people (93.8%) of family caregivers had reported symptoms of anxiety, 43 people (16.8%) had mild anxiety, 84 people (32.8%) had moderate anxiety and 113 people (44.2%) They had experienced severe anxiety. A statistically significant relationship was reported between the patient's delirium and the generalized anxiety disorder of the family caregivers (P<0.001). Conclusion: The presence of anxiety in family caregivers shows the need for nursing and medical staff to pay more attention to reducing anxiety and using appropriate interventions. Family caregivers play an important role in supporting the sick person, and this point highlights the need to pay attention and importance to them by the health care system and nurses; Because supporting them means continuing to care for the sick person. Having a proper assessment of the needs of the families of patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit and trying to strengthen the care system in response to these needs can improve the quality of care and increase satisfaction with receiving care services.
A
susan alizadehfard
Abstract
Objective: Facial expression is one of the most important signs of pain, which is very effective in transmitting pain to others. The facial appearance of pain is directly related to the observers' direct perception of the presence or intensity of pain and is the result of the interaction between emotional, ...
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Objective: Facial expression is one of the most important signs of pain, which is very effective in transmitting pain to others. The facial appearance of pain is directly related to the observers' direct perception of the presence or intensity of pain and is the result of the interaction between emotional, cognitive and sensory components. Pain perception is related to a set of attitudes, beliefs and also cognitive distortions of the observer. This issue is more important in medical environments. If patients are unable to express and convey their pain experiences; Or the caregivers and therapists are not able to identify and understand the pain experiences of the patients, the appropriate help or treatment may not be provided. In other words, understanding these biases in the treatment environment is very necessary and can help reduce the effects of bias and improve the quality of healthcare. Based on the available research literature, in previous researches, only the comparison of pain assessment by patients and experts has been examined, and no comparison was found regarding the effects of valuation and the resulting bias in therapeutic fields. Considering this research gap, the aim of the present study was to compare the effect of positive and negative evaluation of patients on pain assessment in nurses and normal people. Method: Sixty men & females (each group thirty) heard four pictured scenarios about 4 positive and 4 negative persons (half female). It should be noted that while reading the scenarios, the photos of the characters are also shown. These scenarios are expected to create a positive or negative perception of the characters. Then, thirty-two videos of dynamic facial expressions (one second long) of eight characters with four levels of pain expression (neutral, mild, moderate, and strong) were shown. The participants have to evaluated these pain expressions videos from 1 to 100. The data of the groups were compared by SPSS-21 software. Results: To deliberate the research hypothesis repeated measurement variance analysis 4×2 was used (four levels of pain intensity: neutral, mild, moderate, strong pain; two levels of characters' valence: positive vs. negative) as within‐subject factors. The results shown a significant main effect of pain intensity; as their evaluation for different pain levels are significantly different and high level of pain expressions received correctly higher estimations. Also, positive or negative impressions did not make a difference in nurses. Conclusion: These results are very important to indicated that the experience and professional knowledge of nurses in the field of treatment reduced the effect of evaluation bias in them. The alignment of information with the context increases the emotional understanding of other people's faces. For nurses, seeing the faces of people in pain is completely aligned with their information background; So, they have understood those images more accurately and with less effect of evaluation bias. Also, it is necessary to pay attention to the compatibility with pain empathy. In other words, since nurses are frequently and continuously exposed to the pain of others, and the diagnosis of pain is an important task for them, the level of empathy with the pain of others is often unconsciously reduced in them, and as a result, they underestimate the pain of others.
A
behnaz shah moradi; Mohsen Golmohammadian; mohsen hojatkah
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the current research is to understand the lived experience of nurses in the corona ward and to determine the strategies they use when facing burnout. The population of this research includes nurses from the corona department of hospitals affiliated to Kermanshah University of Medical ...
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Objective: The aim of the current research is to understand the lived experience of nurses in the corona ward and to determine the strategies they use when facing burnout. The population of this research includes nurses from the corona department of hospitals affiliated to Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. Method: The present qualitative research was conducted in the first half of 1401. The research sample was selected by non-random sampling method (purposive sampling) and after identifying nurses with moderate to high burnout, 10 people were finally selected according to the saturation of opinions. First, through semi-structured interviews, the data about nurses' experiences were collected. Job burnout and coping strategies were collected and converted into textual data after recording each interview. These data were analyzed with Claysey's seven-stage content analysis method. Results: In the open coding stage, 46 codes were extracted, which were reduced to 15 codes in the axial coding stage. Finally, 4 main themes include strategies based on on the family, including the sub-themes of emotional support of the family, emotional support of friends and social groups, and accepting help from the family, individual-based strategies, including creating a positive attitude, work-life balance, healthy sports and recreation, changing majors and departments, empowerment and collaborative experiences and referring to psychologists and psychiatrists, spirituality-based strategies including faith and heart belief and values governing the profession and organization-based strategies including instrumental support, reducing work density, providing preventive and therapeutic counseling services, paying attention to Welfare facilities and encouragement of employees were identified. Conclusion: Nurses' strategies are different when facing burnout. Emotional support from close family plays an important role in controlling job burnout components and they are a strong source of support in critical situations. Individual strategies of nurses are highly effective in controlling stressful factors caused by job burnout. Strategies based on spirituality by targeting nursing actions can make it easier for nurses to bear problems, and strategies based on organization are also effective in reducing job burnout by motivating nurses. Coping strategies identified as effective strategies can be effective in the process of adapting nurses to the consequences of job burnout and improving the quality of their lives.
Asghar Fouladi; Ali khademi; Ali Shaker Dioulagh
Abstract
Objective: Nurses are more often exposed to cyberchondria owing to their frequent contact with patients. Thus, the present study was carried out to compare the effectiveness of metacognitive and compassion therapies on the level of cyberchondria symptoms in nurses. Method: The research utilized an experimental ...
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Objective: Nurses are more often exposed to cyberchondria owing to their frequent contact with patients. Thus, the present study was carried out to compare the effectiveness of metacognitive and compassion therapies on the level of cyberchondria symptoms in nurses. Method: The research utilized an experimental method involving a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design. As for the sample size, 60 nurses from hospitals in Tabriz participated in the research in 2022. Through random selection, the nurses were assigned to three groups, i.e. metacognitive therapy, compassion therapy and control group. McLurry and Shevlin’s Cyberchondria Scale (CSS) was employed for data collection. Next, the researchers carried out data analysis with the use of the mixed analysis of variance model, Tukey's and Benferroni's post hoc tests, using SPSS statistical software (version 22). A significant P value of less than 0.05 was observed. Findings: The time factor proved to have a significant impact on the amount of cyberchondria dimensions. In other words, the level of cyberchondria dimensions decreased from pre-test to follow-up. Moreover, the interaction effect of time and group also revealed that there were significant variations among the three groups (i.e. metacognitive therapy group, compassion therapy group and control group) in terms of compulsion, distress, excessiveness and reassurance. In other words, the level of cyberchondria dimensions in the intervention groups was lower than that of the control group in the post-test and the follow-up phases. Conclusion: Given the effectiveness of metacognitive and compassion therapies on cyberchondria symptoms, it seems that the application of metacognitive therapy and compassion therapy interventions will alleviate and treat cyberchondria symptoms in nurses.
ali khodaei; Reza Rahimi; h zare
Abstract
Objective: Nursing is known to be a stressful profession that can lead to physical and psychological health issues and behavioural problems. In oncology, workload among nurses is believed to be increasing in conjunction with rapidly increasing numbers of patients with cancer and staff shortages worldwide, ...
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Objective: Nursing is known to be a stressful profession that can lead to physical and psychological health issues and behavioural problems. In oncology, workload among nurses is believed to be increasing in conjunction with rapidly increasing numbers of patients with cancer and staff shortages worldwide, therefore it is essential to sustain a quality oncology nurse workforce. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate factorial structure of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations-Short Form (CISS-SF, Endler & Parker, 1999). Method: In this correlational study, a sample of 151 nurses of Tehran Medical Sciences University completed the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations-Short Form (CISS-SF, Endler & Parker, 1999). The exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor statistics analysis methods were used to compute the CISS-SF's factor structure. Findings: Results of principal component analysis (PC) with varimax rotation replicated the four-factor structure of emotion-oriented coping style, task-oriented coping style and avoidance-oriented coping style (including avoidance behaviors of social diversion and distraction) in the sample. Goodness-of-fit indices of confirmatory factor analysis based AMOS Statistics software confirmed the 4 extracted factors (emotion-oriented coping style, task-oriented coping style and avoidance-oriented coping style including avoidance behaviors of social diversion and distraction). Cronbach alpha coefficients for emotion-oriented coping style, task-oriented coping style, social diversion and distraction were 0/83, 0/78, 0/77 and 0/77 respectively. Conclusion: These findings speak to the robustness of the CISS-SF, in revealing its relatively stable structure, and consequently, to its potential usefulness as a valid measure for assessing preferred coping style for stressful situations in Iranian nurses.
