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Ahmad Mansouri; Danial Joqratian; Armin Elahi
Abstract
Objective: Non-suicidal self-injury refers to the intentional self-inflicted damage to the body surface without suicidal intent. This behavior is one of the major concerns of mental health professionals in the world and is also one of the disorders that needs more study. Many biological, psychological ...
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Objective: Non-suicidal self-injury refers to the intentional self-inflicted damage to the body surface without suicidal intent. This behavior is one of the major concerns of mental health professionals in the world and is also one of the disorders that needs more study. Many biological, psychological and social factors can be related to this behavior. However less attention has been paid to physical and psychological factors related to it. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate the physical and psychological correlates of non-suicidal self-injury in students. Method: This study is fundamental in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of method. Its statistical population of this research included all the undergraduate and graduate students of the Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur branch in the academic year of 2023. A number of 200 students who were selected by convenience sampling method formed the research sample. To collect data, deliberate self-harm inventory (Gratz, 2001), body mass index, dysmorphic concerns questionnaire (Oosthuizen, Lambert & Castle, 1998) and body image shame scale (Duarte, Pinto-Gouveia, Ferreira et al., 2015) were used. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, stepwise regression analysis and significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the participants' age was 25.08 and 8.39. The results showed that there are significant positive relationship between dysmorphic concern and body shame and its components (externalized and internalized shame) with non-suicidal self-injury (p < 0.01), but there is no significant relationship between weight and body mass index with non-suicidal self-injury (p <0.05). The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that weight, body mass index, dysmorphic concern and internal shame do not predict (p >0.05), but external shame predicts it (p <0.05). In other word, external shame alone explains 14% of the variance of non-suicidal self-injury. Conclusion: The results of the present study show the role and importance of psychological factors such as dysmorphic concern and body shame in non-suicidal self-injury. The psychological factors, especially external shame plays a more important role in predicting this behavior. Paying attention to this factor or perception of negative judgments about the self in the mind of others can be important in developing pathological, educational and therapeutic models. On the other hand, use of therapies that emphasize the construct of shame (compassion therapy or compassion-focused therapy) may play an important role in reducing this type of shame and subsequently reducing non-suicidal self-injury. Future researches can investigate the effectiveness of such therapeutic and educational approaches on non-suicidal self-injury.
Aryan Rezai; Akram Dehghani; Sayed Abbas Haghayegh
Abstract
Objective: Weight loss and its maintenance were one of the most important goals of therapists in the field of treating chronic obesity in children due to the inadequacies of current treatments. Thus, the researchers of this study decided to test the effect of their play therapy package based on Hall ...
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Objective: Weight loss and its maintenance were one of the most important goals of therapists in the field of treating chronic obesity in children due to the inadequacies of current treatments. Thus, the researchers of this study decided to test the effect of their play therapy package based on Hall and Fong's temporal self-regulation theory in this regard. Method: By implementing a semi-experimental research design with pre-test, post-test and follow-up at 2-month intervals on a convenience sample from the population of the Iranian Health Centers-Isfahan City, including 45 parent-obese child pairs randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups, at the same time as conducting family-based behavioral intervention on both groups, members of the experimental group also received play therapy package training. Results: By analyzing the data of children's body mass index (measured by dividing the weight measured in kilograms on a scale by the square of the height measured in meters with a stadiometer) in three sections in the form of pre-test, post-test and follow-up by one-way covariance method, significant difference between the experimental group (combined play therapy method with family-based behavioral intervention method) and the control group (only family-based behavioral intervention method) in both post-test stages (F(42,1)=2188.34, P<0.001, ŋ2=0.98) and follow-up (F(42,1)=1036.61, P<0.001, ŋ2=0.96) was observed which according to the observed strong size effect indicates the effectiveness of the combined method was much better than using the family-based behavioral intervention method alone on weight loss and maintenance. Conclusion: The interpretation of the results indicates the effectiveness of adding the training package designed based on Hall and Fong's temporal self-regulation theory to strengthen the three executive functions of working memory,response inhibition, and cognitive flexibility to the usual family-based behavioral intervention as the best method available in the field of reducing and maintaining weight of children. In such a way that this combined method according to restrictions set in the field of using medical treatments (including drug therapy and surgery) for children under 12 years of age, could be considered as a step in the field of designing complementary methods, which by addressing other causes of chronic obesity including the neurological causes and the psychological structures attributed to it, including the executive functions, has been able to be effective with minimal side effects on the process of treating chronic obesity. The primary step that taking other steps in the direction of improvement and expansion of the designed play therapy package was subject to its retesting and application in other societies, and in comparison, with other methods by interested researchers.
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bahman esmaeili anamagh; Akbar Atadokht; Hossein Paknejad
Abstract
Objective: Obesity is a major public health concern. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased in recent years in different countries of the world, including Iran, and has become an important issue in the field of health at the global level. Today's environments encourage excess energy intake ...
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Objective: Obesity is a major public health concern. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased in recent years in different countries of the world, including Iran, and has become an important issue in the field of health at the global level. Today's environments encourage excess energy intake and discourage energy consumption. Overweight individuals may respond differently to food cues in the environment than underweight individuals. This individual difference in responding to food cues can play an important role in the development of obesity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric indicators of food cues response scale (FCRS) and investigate its relationship with body mass index (BMI). Method: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population was 20,997 students of Tabriz University. According to the krejci-morgan table, 380 people were selected as a sample using accessible sampling method through internet and field reference. To collect the data, food cue response scale (Kang sim et al., 2023), power of food scale (low et al., 2009) and demographic information questionnaire were used. In order to use the food cue response scale (FCRS) in the present study, the original version was translated from English to Farsi. Reverse translation method was used to translate the scale. The existing flaws were fixed and the Persian version of the scale was finally approved. All the ethical principles of the research such as confidentiality and having the right to enter and leave the research were observed. The research data were analyzed with the statistical methods of confirmatory factor analysis, correlation and regression. SPSS 23 and AMOS 24 statistical software were used in data analysis. Results: The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the two-factor model of food cue responsiveness scale. The convergent validity of this scale with power of food scale was R=0.77. Checking the reliability of the total score of the scale with Cronbach's alpha method (0.91) and retest method (R=0.90) with an interval of 15 days showed that the scale has excellent reliability. The internal correlation of each item with the total score of food cue response scale was significant (p<0.01). Each of the subscales and the total score of the food cue response scale had significant predictive power of body mass index (BMI), which indicates the predictive validity of the scale and positive relationships between them. Conclusion: Irritability to food cues or lack of control of cognitive and behavioral responses when faced with food cues such as color, smell, taste, and other factors is the cause of obesity and overweight phenomenon. The food cue response scale is a scale with good psychometric adequacy for examining nutritional behaviors and predicting changes in body mass index. Since the food cue response scale (FCRS) has a small number of items and has favorable psychometric properties, it is suggested to use this scale in the future researches to measure in the field of nutrition, obesity prevention and food care.
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F. Ranjbar; S. Basharpour; N. Hajloo; M. Narimani
Volume 6, Issue 24 , March 2018, , Pages 87-105
Abstract
Objective: overweight is a health problem in every society. The current research has aimed at investigating the effectiveness of positive psychology intervention on self-control, eating styles and body mass index in the overweight women. Method:This study were a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, ...
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Objective: overweight is a health problem in every society. The current research has aimed at investigating the effectiveness of positive psychology intervention on self-control, eating styles and body mass index in the overweight women. Method:This study were a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The statistical population of this study included female students of the Payame Noor University of Rezvanshahr. Subjects were screened using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The samples of this research was 34 persons, who had overweight and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. All of the sample groups completed self-control and eating styles Scales. Also, BMI was calculated by dividing weight (kg) by height squared (m2). Positive psychology intervention was conducted during 14 sessions in experimental group while the control group did not receive any treatment. Results:The results show positive psychology intervention has significant impacts on self-control, eating styles and body mass index in the overweight women. Conclusion:Positive psychology interventions are effective to promote physical and psychological health.Therefore, it is suggested that this intervention applies for overweight and obesity treatment.
M
L. KHabir; GH. Karam bakhsh; N. Mohamadi
Volume 6, Issue 24 , March 2018, , Pages 106-119
Abstract
Objective: Impulsiveness has been robustly associated with alcohol and drug misuse, but have received little attention in the context of food addiction. The goal of the current study was to examine the interrelationships between impulsiveness, food addiction, and Body Mass Index (BMI). Method: The design ...
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Objective: Impulsiveness has been robustly associated with alcohol and drug misuse, but have received little attention in the context of food addiction. The goal of the current study was to examine the interrelationships between impulsiveness, food addiction, and Body Mass Index (BMI). Method: The design of this project was correlational. 60 female students selected using available sampling among female students of Shiraz University.They completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale to assess impulsive personality traits, the Yale Food Addiction Scale to assess patterns of addictive consumption of food and provided weight and height to generate BMI. To analyze the data, the software of SPSS22 and AMOS22, the statistical methods of descriptive indexes and path analysis were conducted. Results: Impulsiveness predicted food addiction (F= 17, > ρ 0.0001) and BMI (F= 1, > ρ 0.0001), also food addiction predicted BMI (F= 1.06, > ρ 0.0001). Impulsivity was found to be indirectly associated with BMI by way of associations with addictive consumption of food (RMSEA= 0.0001). Conclusion: Dispositional impulsivity, routinely associated with high-risk behaviors including addictive consumption of alcohol and drugs, may be an important risk factor when considering tendency to engage in addictive consumption of food. Monitoring food addiction symptoms early may help reduce the likelihood that compulsive food consumption patterns result in weight gain and obesity.
Keywords: Body Mass Index, Impulsivity, food addiction.
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M Agahheris; E Mousavi; M Janbozorgi; Z barghi Irani
Volume 2, Issue 5 , June 2013, , Pages 34-47
Abstract
Introduction:The reliability and validity of exercise self- efficacy scale (ESS) and its relationship to weight efficacy lifestyle and body mass index among overweight and obese individuals was investigated in this study.Method: Using convenient sampling method, 343 participants with BMI≥25 eligible ...
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Introduction:The reliability and validity of exercise self- efficacy scale (ESS) and its relationship to weight efficacy lifestyle and body mass index among overweight and obese individuals was investigated in this study.Method: Using convenient sampling method, 343 participants with BMI≥25 eligible toexclude- include criteria were selected among students in Payam Noor university of Semnan province. All of them completed the items of exercise self- efficacy, and weight efficacy lifestyle questionnaires, and their anthropometric indices were measured, too. Results: Applying 16th version of SPSS internal revealed that that internal coefficient with alpha's Cronbach for exercise self- efficacy was 0.93. Calculating correlation coefficients to WEL, and body mass index were significant (p
