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Hiva Mahmoodi
Abstract
Objective: Patients with breast cancer often experience symptom burden, functional deterioration, and other concerns inherent to a progressive and life-limiting disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between family resilience and symptom burden with the mediating role of functional ...
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Objective: Patients with breast cancer often experience symptom burden, functional deterioration, and other concerns inherent to a progressive and life-limiting disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between family resilience and symptom burden with the mediating role of functional exercise adherence in women with breast cancer. Method: The method of the research was fundamental in terms of its purpose and of the correlation type based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population included all women with breast cancer living in Saqoz city in 2022 who referred to hospitals that 150 women were selected by convenience sampling. Research tools included Family Resilience Questionnaire (FRQ), Symptom Burden Questionnaire (SBQ) and Functional Exercise Adherence Scale (FECS). Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software with path analysis method.Results: The results of correlation coefficients showed that there is a negative and significant correlation between family resilience and symptom burden subscales and a positive and significant correlation with functional exercise adherence (P<0.01). Also, there is a negative and significant relationship between functional exercise adherence and the burden of symptoms (P < 0.01). According to the results the proposed model has a good fit (x2/df=0.86, p<0.001, CFI= 0.99, RMSEA=0.06). Also, the direct effect of resilience and functional exercise adherence on symptom burden is significant (P<0.01). When functional exercise adherence is included as a mediator in the relationship between family resilience and symptom burden, the indirect effect of family resilience on symptom burden is 0.51, which is significant (P<0.01). Finally, family resilience indirectly affects symptom burden through functional exercise adherence.Conclusion: These results have important implications for clinical practice and research in the field of breast cancer patients and show the need to develop approaches and better management of these patients in self-care behaviors. Family resilience as a positive psychological factor can indirectly affect the breast cancer patients’ physical performance after chemotherapy and reduce the burden of symptoms to some extent. In fact, increasing the family resilience helps patients to increase their self-management in how to deal with cancer and control their symptoms and indirectly reduce the amount of disease symptoms. It can also be said that increasing the family resilience can be achieved through reducing negative emotions and improving the feeling of control over the disease with the help of post-surgery treatments through compliance and receiving appropriate services and as a result reducing physical limitations. So, it seems that the family resilience leads the patient's ability to make rational decisions and more cooperation with the treatment team, which in turn reduces the burden symptoms.
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Zahra Hosseinzadeh Maleki; Simindokht Kalani
Abstract
Objective: Crisis management researchers use the World Assumption Scale (WAS) to demonstrate changes in individuals' assumptions to predict mental health risks based on the Janoff-Bulman model. During the COVID-19 quarantine crisis, adopting preventive behaviors in society required understanding individuals' ...
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Objective: Crisis management researchers use the World Assumption Scale (WAS) to demonstrate changes in individuals' assumptions to predict mental health risks based on the Janoff-Bulman model. During the COVID-19 quarantine crisis, adopting preventive behaviors in society required understanding individuals' assumptions about the world, which initially necessitated an examination of the factorial structure of the Assumption World Scale. Therefore, the current research aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Assumption World Scale among Iranian students and to examine the relationship between beliefs in a just world, meaningfulness of the world, self-worth, and the adoption or non-adoption of preventive behaviors among students during the COVID-19 quarantine period. Method: Among the Mashhad Ferdowsi University and University of Isfahan, 452 students aged 18 and older (245 women) selected using convenience sampling and responded to the assumption world scale and the preventive behavior adoption questionnaire. The data analyzed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, and stepwise regression analysis. Results: The obtained reliability coefficients were satisfactory. The results of the exploratory factor analysis were relatively satisfactory and corresponded to the main model of the assumption world. Bartlett's test of sphericity with 496 degrees of freedom at the 0.001 significance level and the KMO test with a value of 0.84 indicated the adequacy of the data for factor analysis. Exploratory factor analysis using principal component analysis with the assumption of eight factors (based on previous research) showed that all 32 questionnaire items obtained coefficients in the range of 0.53 to 0.85 in different factors, and eight factors had eigenvalues greater than one. Moreover, during the quarantine period, students' assumptions about the world significantly correlated with the adoption of preventive behaviors. Stepwise regression showed that non-randomness and the perception of controllability assumptions predicted adopting preventive behaviors. In the first step, when the randomness scale entered the regression equation, its correlation coefficient was 0.44, indicating that 33% of the variance in the adoption of preventive behaviors based on the belief in the non-randomness of world events was explained. In the second step, when randomness and perceived controllability entered the equation together, this percentage increased to 46%. Conclusion: Quarantine and its expansion increase negative effects on mental health. These findings of the COVID-19 quarantine are consistent with previous assumptions about the lack of change in measurement within a sample and suggest an operational solution, aiding in understanding students' assumption worlds in facing trauma and associated cognitive changes in research and practical domains.
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Hamidreza Heidari; hajar torkan
Abstract
Objective: This research aimed to predict the quality of life of hemodialysis patients based on alexithymia, anxiety sensitivity, and psychological hardiness. Methods: The current research was of a descriptive-correlational type. The statistical population of this study included all patients undergoing ...
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Objective: This research aimed to predict the quality of life of hemodialysis patients based on alexithymia, anxiety sensitivity, and psychological hardiness. Methods: The current research was of a descriptive-correlational type. The statistical population of this study included all patients undergoing hemodialysis in Isfahan City in 2022. Accordingly, 294 participants (180 men, 114 women) selected using the available sampling method. Data collection tools include the alexithymia scale (Bagby and Parker, 1994), anxiety sensitivity scale (Reiss et al., 1986), psychological hardiness scale (Kiamarthi et al., 1998), and quality of life scale (World Health Organization, 1996). The research data collected using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and step-by-step regression using SPSS-27 software. Results: The results showed that alexithymia, anxiety sensitivity, and psychological hardiness could predict 49.5% of the variance in quality of life. Alexithymia predicted 42% of the variance of quality of life (P<0.01, β=-0.420), anxiety sensitivity predicted 25/7% of the variance of quality of life (P<0.01, β=-0/257), and psychological hardiness predicted 25/5% of the variance of quality of life (P<0.01, β=0.255). Conclusion: Based on this, it can to conclude that alexithymia and anxiety sensitivity are among the factors that play an effective role in reducing the quality of life of hemodialysis patients. Alexithymia is a dysfunction in emotional processing that leads to a decrease in the ability to identify and diagnose emotions. When a person suffers from advanced kidney disease, i.e., undergoes hemodialysis, he faces problems and defects in the fields of self-esteem and independence in performing health and personal behaviors, so the high level of anxiety sensitivity and these physical worries in these people can be considered a common reaction in chronic patients. Since the quality of life defined and interpreted depending on the definition of the individual and his beliefs regarding the situation in which the individual is, these patients find their quality of life low. On the other hand, hemodialysis patients faced with an uncertain future and the inability to maintain the previous values of life, or at least the inability to follow these values as before the disease, since they find themselves unable to make changes in the said disease. Therefore, they become aroused faster and try less than healthy people to control their emotional situations, such as anxiety and physical changes. Accordingly, replanting and planning for the development and training of psychological hardiness in hemodialysis patients leads to an increase in the quality of life
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gholamreza manshaee
Abstract
Objective: In today's world, the Internet has become a very important and vital part of our lives. One of the harmful effects of excessive use of the Internet in relation to health is cyberchondria. This related to an increase in the level of anxiety or health distress, and in other words, it is a type ...
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Objective: In today's world, the Internet has become a very important and vital part of our lives. One of the harmful effects of excessive use of the Internet in relation to health is cyberchondria. This related to an increase in the level of anxiety or health distress, and in other words, it is a type of anxiety that leads to searching for health-related information online, and this causes an increase in the level of anxiety, worry and unnecessary expenses. The aim of this study was to investigate the Psychometric properties of the short form of Cyberchondria questionnaire. Method: The present study applied in terms of purpose and its method is descriptive and psychometric studies. The statistical population of the present study was students of public and private universities in Isfahan in 1398. For the present study, 566 students (344 females and 223 males) from Isfahan University students selected by stratified random sampling method using virtual self-examination questionnaires (McElroy and Shevlin, 2014) and health anxiety questionnaire. (Salkovskis and Warwick, 2002) responded. Research data analyzed using SPSS 23 and AMOS 22 software. Results: The findings showed that in the virtual Cyberchondria questionnaire measurement model, all factor loads including compulsion (0.714), distress (0.878), excessiveness (0.805), and reassurance (0.921) were significant. (P <0.001). In addition, the CVI coefficient for all items of the Cyberchondria questionnaire was higher than 0.9 and the intra-class correlation coefficient of the questionnaire resulting from its two implementation was equal to 0.971, which is at a safe distance and is higher than the acceptable value. The reliability obtained using Cronbach's alpha and halving coefficient for the whole questionnaire and all four dimensions is higher than 0.7. The findings also showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between Cyberchondria questionnaire and health anxiety (P <0.001) and the correlation coefficient of the two questionnaires was 0.782. Conclusion: Health-related internet use, in the context of health anxiety is best conceptualized as health-related safety behavior maintained through intermittent reinforcement. In general, according to the results of validity and reliability, the virtual autopsy questionnaire can used in psychological research. Also, these results support the psychometric characteristics and validity of the virtual self-diagnosis questionnaire among the non-clinical sample, and it can be said that this questionnaire is approved in the Iranian sample and has psychometric characteristics and practical tools for diagnosis. It can also used in a short period of time due to the short length of the too
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Ali Afshari; ahmad esmali; said asadnia
Abstract
Objective: Multiple Sclerosis MS is one of the debilitating neurological disorders, which, in addition to neuro-motor disorders, manifests with symptoms such as anxiety, weakness, and reduced problem-solving ability, leading to numerous physical and mental disorders. The present study aimed to investigating ...
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Objective: Multiple Sclerosis MS is one of the debilitating neurological disorders, which, in addition to neuro-motor disorders, manifests with symptoms such as anxiety, weakness, and reduced problem-solving ability, leading to numerous physical and mental disorders. The present study aimed to investigating the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in reducing levels of anxiety and pathological worry among MS patients with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. Method: The method of the current research was a semi-experimental design with a pre-test - post-test with a control group. The statistical population of the research includes 40 women diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder and MS, who had referred to the neurology clinic, using structured diagnostic interview based on DSM5 and using available sampling, 20 individuals randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent cognitive behavioral intervention for 12 sessions, while the control group received no intervention. Pennsylvania Anxiety Questionnaire (1990) and Kettle Anxiety Scale (1957) administered before and after the intervention for both groups. Data analyzed using covariance analysis and SPSS version 26 software. Results: The findings of the research showed that cognitive behavioral therapy improved anxiety in the experimental group (P>0.001) and cognitive behavioral therapy caused 56% changes in anxiety variables. Additionally, cognitive behavioral therapy reduced the mean of pathological worry in the experimental group (P>0.001) and cognitive behavioral therapy caused 46% changes in the variable of pathological worry. Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, it can concluded that cognitive therapy for generalized anxiety disorder is the most effective treatment for reducing anxiety symptoms, and the combination of cognitive behavioral therapy is more effective than treatments that are used alone. This therapeutic approach helps people became aware of the thoughts and imaginations that cause anxiety and teaches them to express themselves and shed their incompatible cognitive responses, and finally it facilitates testing the reality of his hypotheses and applying methods of interpretation and labeling of emotional stimuli that activated when facing stressful situations in a relative manner
stress
Mustafa Bolghan-Abadi
Abstract
Objective: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, posing significant challenges to public health systems and individuals' well-being. While medical treatments have advanced, there is growing recognition of the importance of psychological factors ...
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Objective: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, posing significant challenges to public health systems and individuals' well-being. While medical treatments have advanced, there is growing recognition of the importance of psychological factors in influencing the course and outcomes of CVDs. Among these factors, personality traits and anxiety have gained attention for their potential impact on quality of life (QoL) and general health outcomes in cardiovascular patients. Personality type D, characterized by a combination of negative affectivity and social inhibition, has been identified as a relevant personality construct in cardiovascular health research. Individuals with Type D personality traits may experience heightened psychological distress and engage in maladaptive coping strategies, potentially exacerbating the burden of CVDs. Additionally, generalized anxiety, commonly observed in cardiovascular patients, has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including decreased treatment adherence and impaired QoL. Despite increasing recognition of the importance of personality and anxiety in cardiovascular health, there remains a need to understand the mechanisms through which these factors influence patient outcomes. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of generalized anxiety in the relationship between personality type D and QoL and general health in cardiovascular patients. By exploring these relationships, we aim to enhance our understanding of the psychological pathways underlying the impact of personality on cardiovascular health outcomes, with implications for tailored interventions to improve patient well-being and treatment outcomes. This study aimed to explore the mediating role of generalized anxiety in the relationship between Type D personality, QoL, and general health among cardiovascular patients. Method: This study adopted a fundamental research approach, employing a descriptive and correlational design with structural equation modeling (SEM). The study population consisted of all cardiovascular patients in Mashhad, Iran, during the year 2019. A convenience sampling method utilized to recruit a sample of 180 patients from cardiovascular clinics in Mashhad. Data collected using standardized instruments, including the D-Denolt (2007) personality type questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL), and the Generalized Anxiety Inventory developed by Goldberg & Hiller (1972) and Spitzer et al. (2006). Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation utilized for data analysis at the descriptive level, while inferential analyses employed Pearson correlation and structural equation tests. Results: The results of the study revealed significant associations between Type D personality, generalized anxiety, QoL, and general health among cardiovascular patients. Type D personality demonstrated a significant positive relationship with generalized anxiety (p < 0.001), indicating that individuals with Type D personality traits experienced heightened levels of anxiety. Additionally, Type D personality inversely associated with QoL (p < 0.001) and general health (p < 0.001), suggesting that individuals with Type D personality traits reported lower levels of QoL and general health status. Furthermore, generalized anxiety exhibited significant negative correlations with both QoL (p < 0.001) and general health (p < 0.001), indicating that increased levels of anxiety associated with poorer QoL and general health outcomes among cardiovascular patients. Moreover, path analysis techniques revealed that generalized anxiety played a mediating role in the relationship between Type D personality, QoL and general health outcomes (p < 0.05). This suggests that the presence of generalized anxiety partially explained the adverse effects of Type D personality on health-related outcomes in cardiovascular patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the complex interplay between personality traits, mental health factors, and health outcomes in cardiovascular patients. The findings underscore the importance of considering psychological factors, such as Type D personality and generalized anxiety, in the assessment and management of CVDs. Interventions aimed at addressing anxiety management and maladaptive personality traits may hold promise in improving QoL and general health outcomes among cardiovascular patients. By elucidating the mediating role of generalized anxiety, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the psychological mechanisms underlying health outcomes in CVDs, thereby informing holistic approaches to patient care and management
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Masoumeh Taghi Ahangari Khiavi; susan alizadehfard; Ahmad Alipour
Abstract
Objectives: Researches have shown that mental disorders can lead to physical diseases. On the other hand, many physical diseases also coexist with each other. This study aims to investigate the effect of mental disorders on the occurrence of physical diseases in dual comorbidities. Method: The present ...
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Objectives: Researches have shown that mental disorders can lead to physical diseases. On the other hand, many physical diseases also coexist with each other. This study aims to investigate the effect of mental disorders on the occurrence of physical diseases in dual comorbidities. Method: The present study was a survey-correlation study. The statistical population included men and women aged 18 to 80, residing in Tehran, who had visited medical centers due to illness in the first six months of 2019. Sampling conducted in a cluster form. The total number of participants in the project was 304 people that the number of dual comorbidity group (coexist of two diseases) was 110 people. Research tools included the standard physical illness checklist and the SCL-90 clinical symptom inventory. Machine learning used for data analyze. This work did with the help of Python-3.7.4 software and Scikit-learn-0.23.0 program. In order to check the hypotheses of the research, the random forest model strategy (Random Forest) used for machine learning. Results: The results showed that embodied diseases related to psychological problems and the pattern of psychological disorders in these patients could predicted. In this study, it determined that blood pressure and headache influenced by aggression, heart problems and arthritis related to depression, diabetes related to anxiety pattern, respiratory and digestive problems influenced by phobia, obesity and allergies related to obsession; and finally, skin diseases affected by interactive and interpersonal problems. In addition, a pattern of physical diseases identified by examining psychological disorders. The results showed that interpersonal interactions, obsession and anxiety have the most relationship with the incidence of obesity; depression has the greatest effect on heart diseases, phobia related to respiratory diseases, and aggression also related to diabetes. But interestingly, the highest correlation and the most significant pattern saw between obsession and obesity. Conclusion: With the help of machine learning method, this research showed that there are significant relationships between physical diseases and psychological disorders, as patterns of these relationships can inferred. The understanding and identification of these dual comorbidities will not only improve our knowledge in the boundaries of knowledge, but also have practical applications in pathology, treatment and design of special interventions for physical and psychological disorders. Also, the alignment of these results with previous research literature is a confirmation of the application of machine learning in later psychology and health studies
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Zahra Mohamadifard; Ali Fathi-Ashtiani; Abbas HajiFathali; Bita Nasrollahi; Fazlollah Ahmadi
Abstract
Objectives: Investigating the psychological factors that facilitate the recovery of bone marrow transplant patients is crucial for appropriate policymakers to identify potential problems and develop appropriate interventions for the better benefit and increasing success of bone marrow transplantation. ...
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Objectives: Investigating the psychological factors that facilitate the recovery of bone marrow transplant patients is crucial for appropriate policymakers to identify potential problems and develop appropriate interventions for the better benefit and increasing success of bone marrow transplantation. The aim of this study was to review the psychological factors facilitating the recovery of bone marrow transplant patients. Method: In this systematic review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) utilized, along with their possible implications for risk of bias. In this regard, required information took from Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed databases for the selection of Latin articles and Persian articles databases, ISC with the selection period ranging from 1987 to 2022 for English articles and from the years 1390 to 1401 for selection of Persian articles. Based on the desired criteria, they limited. The narrative synthesis method used for combine the data. Results: In this study, the quality of 37 articles confirmed and psychological factors influencing the recovery of bone marrow transplant patients identified. Physical distress, decrease in patients' quality of life, psychosocial well-being, the possibility of increasing symptoms of anxiety and depression, are among the biggest challenges facing patient. Factors such as spirituality, health literacy, sports and psychological interventions aimed at disease acceptance the disease and increase psychological well-being and healthy coping strategies have a significant impact on improving psychological and medical health outcomes. Depression, homesick, tension, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, delusions and cognitive deficits, feelings of lack of choice, need for special attention, and isolation are inevitable consequences of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Some psychosocial variables (depression, anxiety, stress, coping strategies, social support, optimism, rationality, and need for coordination) and clinical parameters indicating immune response after bone marrow transplantation. Conclusion: Identifying psychological factors influencing the recovery of bone marrow transplant patients, including; health literacy, sports programs, optimism, gender, social support, mental health, lifestyle factors, understanding of transplant, and follow-up are influential in setting protocols to increase the mental health and survival of bone marrow transplant patients. Identifying psychological factors that facilitate the treatment process helps psychologists and the medical team to identify and strengthen these factors in patients. To moderate the negative psychological consequences of transplantation, it is desirable to perform psychological interventions and to recognize and strengthen the positive psychological structures within the psyche by the treatment staff and the psychologist. Additionally, regulating the natural day and night cycle, palliative care, antipsychotic medication, disease management, lead to better health outcomes.
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