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Sedigheh Khoshbavar Rostami; majid baradaran; Farzaneh Ranjbar Noushari
Abstract
Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system that affects various aspects of a person's life. Evidence suggests that patients with more disabilities have lower levels of participation in social, home, work, and educational domains. Therefore, people ...
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Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system that affects various aspects of a person's life. Evidence suggests that patients with more disabilities have lower levels of participation in social, home, work, and educational domains. Therefore, people with MS may be at risk of loneliness due to the changes in the social network that occur during the course of the chronic disease. Loneliness is the most painful experience of all human experiences that leads to severe psychological and physical problems. Considering the extensive physical, psychological and social consequences of this disease and the high cost of MS treatment and control, which can be aggravated by the psychological disturbance of patients, it will be important to examine psychological variables in people suffering from this disease. Based on this, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of pain catastrophizing, perceived tension and experiential avoidance in the loneliness of patients with multiple sclerosis. Method: The method of the present research was a descriptive-correlation study. The studied population included all patients with multiple sclerosis living in Rasht in 2022 who 120 people were selected as a sample group by available sampling method. In order to collect data, pain catastrophizing questionnaire (Sullivan et al., 1995), perceived stress scale (Cohen et al., 1983), acceptance and action questionnaire (Bond et al., 2011) and loneliness scale (DiTomaso et al., 2004) was used, all of which were valid and reliable. Participating in this research was optional and all participants were free to quit any time. The identities of the participants in this research were ethically confidential. The research data collected using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and step-by-step regression using SPSS-27 software. Results: The results showed that there is a significant positive correlation between loneliness and pain catastrophizing (r= 0.22, p< 0.05), perceived tension (r= 0.42, p<0.01) and experiential avoidance (r=0.51, p<0.01). In other words, the greater the pain catastrophizing, the perceived tension and the experienced avoidance it is more in patients with multiple sclerosis, loneliness is more. Also, the findings showed that among the predictor variables of this study, only experiential avoidance with a beta coefficient of 0.405 at the error level of 0.05 can predict social loneliness of patients with multiple sclerosis. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be acknowledged that pain catastrophizing, perceived tension and experiential avoidance through non-acceptance of feelings and thoughts have increased the loneliness of patients with multiple sclerosis. Therefore, considering the high levels of injuries and mental disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis, it seems necessary to identify the causal and underlying factors in maintaining and improving the mental health and well-being of this group of chronic patients. The findings of this study can strengthen theoretical models related to health and especially health psychology.
moslem asli azad; tahereh farhadi; saeideh khaki
Abstract
Objective: Covid-19 can lead to serious damages to the patients’ psychological, cognitive and emotional processes in addition to physiologic damages. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the efficiency of online reality therapy on perceived stress and experiential ...
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Objective: Covid-19 can lead to serious damages to the patients’ psychological, cognitive and emotional processes in addition to physiologic damages. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the efficiency of online reality therapy on perceived stress and experiential avoidance in Covid-19-improved patients. Method: It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the study included Covid-19-improved patients in the city of Isfahan in the summer of 2020. 24 Covid-19-improved patients were selected through snowball sampling method and they were randomly replaced into experimental and control groups (each group of 12 patients). The experimental group received ten seventy-five-minute sessions of online reality therapy (Glasser, 2013) during a month. The applied questionnaires in the current study included perceived stress questionnaire (Cohen, et.al, 1983) and experiential avoidance questionnaire (Bond, et.al, 2011). The data from the study were analyzed through ANCOVA method. Findings: The results showed that online reality therapy had significant effect on the perceived stress and experiential avoidance in Covid-19-improved patients (p<0.001) and succeeded in the decrease of their perceived stress and experiential avoidance. Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that online reality therapy can be applied as an efficient therapy to decrease perceived stress and experiential avoidance in Covid-19-improved patients through employing techniques such focusing on the present time, avoiding excessive criticism and training accountability.
Maryam Parnian Khooy; Leila Kehtary; Ali gharadaghi; Maryam Eidi
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determining the effectiveness of Compassion-Focused therapy on experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion of cancer patients with depression symptoms. Method: The study was a quasi – experimental design with pre test - post test experimental and control ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to determining the effectiveness of Compassion-Focused therapy on experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion of cancer patients with depression symptoms. Method: The study was a quasi – experimental design with pre test - post test experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this study was all the cancer patients who refered to the Valiasr Hospital in Tabriz and the offices of several Specialists in Tabriz during the third quarter of 2019. The sample consisted of 30 patients, who were selected with available sampling method. The sample of 30 participants were placed randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, thus 15 patients in the experimental group and 15 patients in the control group. The experimental group received Compassion-Focused therapy in 8 sessions of two hours, while the control group did not receive any intervention. For collecting data, Acceptance and action Questionnaire-II for experiential avoidance measurement, cognitive fusion questionnaire were used. The Data were analyzed with Covariance method. Findings: The results showed that compassion-focused therapy had a significant effect on reducing the experiential avoidance (P<0.03) and cognitive fusion (P<0.01) in cancer patients with depression symptoms. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that compassion-focused therapy is an effective intervention to reduce the experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion in cancer patients with depression symptoms.