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ezzatollah ahmadi; Hamoun Babaei; Masoumeh Mirza
Abstract
Objective: Searching for symptoms related to health and illness, despite access to thousands of diverse information on the Internet, often causes confusion and uncertainty due to the high correlation of existing symptoms related to illnesses, and subsequently, causes cyberchondria in individuals. People ...
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Objective: Searching for symptoms related to health and illness, despite access to thousands of diverse information on the Internet, often causes confusion and uncertainty due to the high correlation of existing symptoms related to illnesses, and subsequently, causes cyberchondria in individuals. People with cyberchondria are very concerned about developing physical and sometimes psychological illnesses. Cyberchondria has been found to be more prevalent in young people, women, people with low education, and people with low digital literacy. The results showed that students with cyberchondria along with health problems scored high on the total scale and the subscale of confusion and uncertainty about medical services. Given the important role health plays in people's lives, it's no surprise that most people have health concerns at some point. One factor that is likely to be associated with cyberchondria is health anxiety. Health anxiety is defined as the persistent fear of developing a disease or worsening an existing disease. Given the increase in cyberchondria and health anxiety, it is very important to identify the factors that cause cyberchondria and health anxiety. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the structural relationship between health anxiety and cyberchondria with the mediation of health literacy and metacognitive beliefs in students. Method: The present study was descriptive and used correlation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study included all students of Khoy Azad University in the second semester of the academic year 1402-1403. Using the convenience sampling method, 200 students were selected as samples according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Inclusion criteria: Being a student at Khoy Azad University in the academic year 2023-2024, age 18 to 30, not taking psychiatric medications and the exclusion criteria: unwillingness to continue the research and failure to complete the questionnaires completely, having a serious mental problem. While obtaining consent from the students to participate in the research, the purpose of the research was explained to them. In order to maintain ethical considerations in the research, the basic condition of informed consent to participate in the research was to maintain the subjects' personal information and confidentiality, and they were assured that their responses would only be used for research purposes. The instruments used in this study were the Cyberchondria Questionnaire of McElroy and Sholin (2014), Health Anxiety of Salkouskis and Warwick (2002), Health Literacy of Montazeri et al. (2015), and Metacognitive Beliefs of Wells and Cartwright-Haughton (2004). It should be noted that all four questionnaires were given to individuals at the same time and a brief explanation was provided if necessary. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data using Amos version 24 and SPSS version 24 software. Results: The results showed that there were appropriate correlations between the research variables. The correlation results show that among the exogenous variables, reading (one of the dimensions of health literacy) (-0.42) has the highest correlation coefficient with cyberchondria. In general, positive beliefs about worry (one of the dimensions of metacognitive beliefs) has the highest correlation with reading (0.56). The negative correlation means that with increasing reading, cyberchondria decreases. The fit indices of the modified model in Table 1 show that RMSEA is 0.067, CFI is 0.97, GFI is 0.94, AGFI is 0.89. The ratio of chi-square to degrees of freedom is 1.91. Comparison of the indices indicates that they have an acceptable fit..The results showed that the research model had acceptable empirical support and processing. Also, the path coefficients showed that all paths were significant (p<0.001). It can be said that health anxiety has an effect on cyberchondria through the mediation of health literacy and metacognitive beliefs. Of the health literacy components, the accessibility component (b=-0.27) had a higher effect than the other components in reducing cyberchondria. Also, of the metacognitive beliefs and health anxiety components, the need for control (b=0.22) and disease outcome (b=0.38) components have the greatest effect on the occurrence of cyberchondria in individuals, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate the role and importance of metacognitive beliefs and health literacy education in reducing health anxiety. The present study was conducted to investigate the mediating role of health literacy and metacognitive beliefs in the relationship between health anxiety and cyberchondria. The results showed that all indicators in the hypothetical model had a good fit and the desired model was confirmed. Also, the path coefficients showed that all paths were significant. Metacognitive beliefs about uncontrollability and cognitive conflict predict health anxiety symptoms more than depression, general anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and dysfunctional health-related beliefs. In such a way that metacognitive beliefs that can encourage maladaptive self-regulation strategies and exacerbate this anxiety in individuals. Also, low health literacy is associated with problems in the field of self-care against diseases and increased health concerns. In such a way that low health literacy leads to extreme self-care behaviors that are not only not useful but also predispose the individual to various anxiety problems and ultimately lead to frequent information search (cyberchondria). As a final conclusion, it can be stated that health literacy and metacognitive beliefs can be influential as key factors in the relationship between health anxiety and cyberchondria. It is possible to prevent the emergence of cyberchondria and reduce health anxiety by teaching how to search for information related to the symptoms of diseases on the Internet and ignoring redundant and irrelevant information related to disease and health.
Delara laghusi; ALI boudaghi; mohammad abbaszadeh; davood qasemzadeh
Abstract
Objective: In the contemporary world, the study of health has transition from biological to social and cultural studies. Many scholars believe that understanding and defining health is a reflection of one's cultural and social background. The purpose of the present study is to analyze cultural determinants ...
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Objective: In the contemporary world, the study of health has transition from biological to social and cultural studies. Many scholars believe that understanding and defining health is a reflection of one's cultural and social background. The purpose of the present study is to analyze cultural determinants of health. Method: The research method is qualitative and has been done by structural analysis approach. the method of data collection was interviews with 40 key informants of East Azarbaijan province using purposeful sampling method and theoretical saturation criterion. The data from the interviews were analyzed by Mic Mac software. Findings: The coding of the interview findings revealed that categories such as health nutrition culture, health literacy, consumption pattern modification, sport lifestyle, medical stereotypes, hidden media pressure, the preference of materialistic values to non-materialistic, cultural contradictions, seeking differentiation, and paying to diseases are one of the most important cultural determinants of health in terms of prevalence. Conclusion: Structural analysis results show that key informants respectively have allocated the highest and lowest priority to health literacy and disease-based rates
Farideh Ramezani moghadam; reza rostami; r Abbas Rahiminezhad; hojat allah farahani
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present study wasto investigate the efficacy of health literacy group therapy on the improvement of glycosylated hemoglobin and self-care activities in patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: The current research was a quasi-experimental of pretest- posttest and control group ...
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Objective: The purpose of the present study wasto investigate the efficacy of health literacy group therapy on the improvement of glycosylated hemoglobin and self-care activities in patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: The current research was a quasi-experimental of pretest- posttest and control group design. The statistical population of this study included all patients with type 2 diabetes who referred to the subspecialty clinic for diabetes and metabolic diseases in Kashan, and 30 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected and assigned to two experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The experimental group intervention program was performed in eight 120-minute sessions but the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. Data was collected using The summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure and Hemoglobin A1c Test and also were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and univariate analysis of covariance. Findings: The present study confirmed the effectiveness of health literacy-based group therapy on glycosylated hemoglobin improvement and self-care activities. The findings showed that the effect of the health literacy group therapy led to decreased glycosylated hemoglobin (p= 0.71) and also increased self-care activities in type 2 diabetic patients (p= 0.76). Conclusion: The results suggest that in addition to medical treatments, health literacy-based group therapy can be used to improve type 2 diabetes control indices to prevent complications of the disease
hassan Shafiei; Shadi Nasiri
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present research was to prediction the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes based on psychological well-being, health literacy and self-efficacy. Method: This study was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of this study consisted of all ...
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Objective: The purpose of the present research was to prediction the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes based on psychological well-being, health literacy and self-efficacy. Method: This study was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of this study consisted of all diabetic patients referring to diabetes clinic of Imam Sadegh Hospital in Delijan City in 1396. The research sample consisted of 150 patients with type 2 diabetes who were selected by random sampling method. The data for the research were collected through Quality of life Test (WHOQOL-BREF), Psychological well-being Test, Health Literacy for Iranian Adults & Diabetes Management Self-efficacy Scale. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Findings: Data analysis showed that 59% of the quality of life of diabetic patients is predictable by psychological well-being (β = 0.59, p = 0.001), health literacy (β =0.42, p=0.001) and Self-efficacy (β=0.34, p= 0.001). Conclusion: Health literacy, psychological well-being and self-efficacy in diabetes management play an important role in increasing the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes, and this finding has important implications for the education and promotion of mental health in diabetic patients.
Seyyedeh Hakimeh Mousavi; Reza Bagherian-saraoudi; farahnaz meschi; javad khalatbari; bouk tajeri
Abstract
Objective: The health literacy for breast cancer patients plays an important role in accessing adequate diagnostic and therapeutic measures. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between health literacy and specific quality of life among patients ...
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Objective: The health literacy for breast cancer patients plays an important role in accessing adequate diagnostic and therapeutic measures. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between health literacy and specific quality of life among patients with breast cancer. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 213 consecutive patients with breast cancer were selected based on the inclusive and exclusive criteria. Then, the pateints completed questionaires of Iranian version of health literacy, quality of life and resilience. Data were analysed using SPSS and LISREL software by path analysis model. Findings: All components of health literacy and specific quality of life were significantly correlated with resilience. Also there was a significant association between health literacy and specific quality of life. The findings showed that as far as the health literacy is increased, the resilience scores significantly are also increased. Conclusion: It seems that resilience plays the mediating role between health literacy and specific quality of life among pateints with breast cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the relational model between these factors for developmemt of psychological protpcols and intagarating those protocols in therapeutic plans for bearst cancer pateints.
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hakimeh mousavi; reza Bagherian
Abstract
Objective: Health literacy is a broad concept defined in a variety of ways. Health literacy is the capacity for acquisition, processing, understanding of information and basic services for appropriate health decisions. Health literacy is heavily important for breast cancer patients so that therapists ...
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Objective: Health literacy is a broad concept defined in a variety of ways. Health literacy is the capacity for acquisition, processing, understanding of information and basic services for appropriate health decisions. Health literacy is heavily important for breast cancer patients so that therapists can decide on a complex set of decision-making decisions based on diagnosis and treatment when physical and emotional distress. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women throughout the world. Considering the effect of this disease and its treatment on different dimensions of life, evaluating the level of health literacy of patients in order to improve their health seems useful before any study. Method: This study was conducted with the aim of reviewing the world literature on health literacy and breast cancer. In this systematic study, the terms health literacy and Breath Cancer were searched in the title and abstract of the articles published in internationally recognized scientific databases and all English and related articles were listed. Findings: Then the abstract of the articles was examined and in several stages repeated and unrelated items were excluded from the study. Finally, the final papers were selected for comprehensive review and data extraction. Conclusion: The overall result of this study was that according to the literature reviewed, literacy can have an impact on the prevention of breast cancer and the management of symptoms resulting from the disease.
