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zahra karami baghteyfouni; sima Houshidarifard
Abstract
Objective: Anxiety sensitivity is a diagnostic risk construct that has been studied and is believed to enhance the response to various types of stress. The covid-19 pandemic is a widespread stressor with significant physical and social threats, It can be said that human civilization is facing one of ...
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Objective: Anxiety sensitivity is a diagnostic risk construct that has been studied and is believed to enhance the response to various types of stress. The covid-19 pandemic is a widespread stressor with significant physical and social threats, It can be said that human civilization is facing one of the most critical periods of the current century, which has challenged its existence.It can be said that human civilization is facing one of the most critical periods of the current century, which has challenged its existence The covid-19 often brings with it a wave of tension and anxiety that causes problems in people's physical and psychological health. so the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between distress tolerance and anxiety sensitivity in patients who have recovered from covid-19. Method: The current research was conducted in terms of practical purpose and in terms of collection method in the form of a descriptive-correlation design. The statistical population of the research included all adult patients who were saved from contracting COVID-19 in Tehran in 1400 and among them 201 people were selected as a sample using available sampling method. The data were collected using the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaires of Gernevsky, Krige and Spinhaven (2001), anxiety sensitivity of Floyd, Garfield and Lasota (2005) and distress tolerance of Simmons and Gaher (2005). In the following, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The descriptive statistical indicators used are: mean, standard deviation, and on the other hand, path analysis is used to confirm or reject the research hypotheses, and PLS software was used in the statistical analysis of this research. Results: Analysis of the findings through path analysis showed that distress tolerance has an effect on anxiety sensitivity (-0/44) and positive (0/31) and negative (-0/30) emotion cognitive regulation strategies play a mediating role in the relationship between distress tolerance and anxiety sensitivity. Also, based on the coefficient of determining the results, the effect of distress tolerance on anxiety sensitivity is R2=0.209, equal to 21%, and after the presence of the mediator of cognitive emotion regulation in the second step, R2=0.427 is equal to 43%. Conclusion: In the explanation of this finding, it should be said that with low distress tolerance, which is able to resist negative risks with the possibility of making inconsistency adjustment decisions and effective strategies in its use. On the other hand, regulating emotions through thoughts or as inseparability is related to human life and helps people to control their emotions during and after traumatic experiences or experimental situations. According to cognitive-behavioral theory, anxiety disorders often develop when a person's fear is perceived as uncontrollable. This inhibits any new learning about one's true ability to manage anxiety and reinforces one's negative beliefs. According to the results of the research, it can be said that targeting the three components of distress tolerance and positive and negative cognitive regulation of emotion in connection with psychological treatments and aids for the anxiety sensitivity of patients who have recovered from covid-19 can be effective.
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Gholamreza Talebi; Hasan Rezayi Jamaloui; Reza Bagherian Sararodi; Hamidreza Oreyzi; Pegah Bagherian-Sararoudi
Abstract
Objective: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. From its diagnosis to treatment and potential recurrence, it significantly impacts the quality of life and life satisfaction of patients. In fact, breast cancer influences patients' ...
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Objective: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. From its diagnosis to treatment and potential recurrence, it significantly impacts the quality of life and life satisfaction of patients. In fact, breast cancer influences patients' lifestyles and presents numerous challenges. Unfortunately, individuals diagnosed with cancer are inevitably confronted with their own mortality. Consequently, death anxiety is evident among these patients, often resulting in an abnormal fear of death accompanied by feelings of panic and dread. Following a cancer diagnosis, women frequently experience intense psychological reactions, one of which is the sensation of being close to death. Today, death anxiety is recognized as a critical psychological factor in cancer patients. Moreover, breast cancer reduces distress tolerance in affected individuals. The psychological distress caused by cancer is a specific emotional discomfort experienced temporarily or permanently by individuals in response to particular stressors and harmful demands. Given the significance of this condition, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of meaning-centered group therapy on death attitudes and distress tolerance in women with breast cancer. Method: In this quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and follow-up design with control group, 36 women with breast cancer and death anxiety were selected through convenience sampling from Sayed al-Shohada Hospital and the Ala Cancer Prevention and Control Center in Isfahan during 2020–2021. They were randomly assigned to an experimental group (18 participants) and a control group (18 participants). The experimental group underwent eight weekly 90-minute sessions of meaning-centered group therapy. Data were collected using the Templer Death Anxiety Scale (1970), Wong et al.'s Death Attitudes Profile (1994), and the Simons and Gaher Distress Tolerance Scale (2005) at three stages: pretest, posttest, and follow-up. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with SPSS-23 software. Results: The results indicated that meaning-centered group therapy significantly improved death attitudes and distress tolerance in the experimental group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: It appears that meaning-centered group therapy positively impacts death attitudes and distress tolerance in women with breast cancer. In Meaning-Centered Therapy, by revisiting the definition of suffering and hardship, individuals are encouraged to seek life-affirming meaning when facing life’s difficulties and challenges, enabling them to cope with these hardships in a constructive manner. If a person successfully finds meaning in the bitter and discouraging events of life, they will be able to endure its adversities. Meaning-Centered Therapy emphasizes the freedom of the human spirit, asserting that individuals are not governed by deterministic laws. Humans have the right to choose their attitude toward any given situation. Decision-making is left to the individual, and no external factor has the power to dictate how one thinks or behaves in the face of unchangeable circumstances. Individuals are always responsible for their actions and words. Consequently, the perspective one adopts toward issues and difficulties is of paramount importance in this therapeutic approach. Meaning-Centered Therapy aims to foster a meaning-oriented outlook in individuals when confronted with hardships. Therefore, it is evident that Meaning-Centered Therapy can influence an individual’s attitude toward difficulties and challenges, enhancing their capacity to tolerate distress. Therefore, it is recommended to use meaning-centered therapy to support women with breast cancer experiencing death anxiety.
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Maede Asadollah Najafi; Batool Aminjafari; Mehdi Marvi
Abstract
Objectives: Cancer has experienced alarming growth in the last two decades and is considered as an urgent health problem of modern life. Meanwhile, breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, and its annual incidence is increasing at a rate of 1.8 to 2% in the world, and it ranks first among ...
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Objectives: Cancer has experienced alarming growth in the last two decades and is considered as an urgent health problem of modern life. Meanwhile, breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, and its annual incidence is increasing at a rate of 1.8 to 2% in the world, and it ranks first among all women's cancers. However it has a major difference from other chronic diseases. In addition to requiring long-term care and treatment, it cannot be completely cured. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group self-healing training on distress tolerance, emotional reactivity and anxiety in women with breast cancer in Isfahan. Methods: It was semi-experimental in the form of pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all women with breast cancer in Isfahan who had referred to support center for cancer patients in the first quarter of 2011, and their number was 93 people in this period of time based on the statistics received from the counseling center. 30 people were selected as the sample through available sampling and were placed in two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. The used tools were Simons & Gaher's distress tolerance (2005), Matuo & Nock's emotional reactivity (2008) and Reese and Patterson anxiety (1985) questionnaires. Self-healing group training sessions based on the protocol of Latifi and Meravi (2017) adapted from Loyd and Johnson (2010) were conducted during 14 sessions. The data were analyzed using SPSS-24 software in two descriptive and inferential (normalization and MANCOVA) according to the investigated hypotheses. Results: The results showed that group self-healing training on distress tolerance and its dimensions (tolerance, evaluation and regulation), emotional reactivity (sensitivity, intensity and stability) and anxiety (fear of physical symptoms, fear of cognitive control distortion, fear of observing anxiety reactions) is effective in women with cancer in Isfahan (P<0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, it seems that this method can be used for breast cancer patients. The reason for the effectivness of self-healing training on reducing cancer patients’ anxiety and stress in physical and psychological dimensions can be attributed to the effects of direct training in the field of fear and anxiety in this intervention. In this treatment method for treating anxiety, strategies include self-education and communication management (keeping calm, avoiding haste, avoiding useless discussions, speaking in a soft tone, not reacting quickly and not judging quickly), trusting others (patience, calmness, happiness and entrusting the solution of the problem to a higher power), adjustment of idealism (reducing the desire to be perfect and accepting mistakes as an inseparable part of every human being), order and time management (having discipline, planning and prioritization and doing necessary daily tasks), correct connection with the mind (living in the present moment), and using physical and muscle relaxation techniques (muscle relaxation, breathing, hydrotherapy, swimming, walking, religious behaviors, watching the sky, listening to the sound of water, meditation and yoga, the use of relaxing audio files at least once a day) were used and the patients were helped to reduce their anxiety to a great. Considering the confirmation of the effectiveness of self-healing training on reducing emotional reactivity and anxiety in people with cancer, it is suggested that doctors and nurses pay attention to their psychological condition in addition to physical treatments for these patients and if they observe psychological problems caused by the disease, refer them to psychologists and counsellors. It is also suggested to set up counseling and psychological centers for cancer patients in hospitals.
Flora EzzatPanah; Zohre Latifi
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness training based on acceptance, commitment and compassion on pain catastrophizing, distress tolerance and post-traumatic growth in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. Method: This study was done by semi-experimental approach with ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness training based on acceptance, commitment and compassion on pain catastrophizing, distress tolerance and post-traumatic growth in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. Method: This study was done by semi-experimental approach with two groups and three stages (pre-test, posttest & follow up). 30 patients with fibromyalgia syndrome were selected through available sampling and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. Intervention was administered to the experimental group for 10 sessions. The research tools were included of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale of Sullivan et al (1995), Simons & Gaher Distress Tolerance Questionnaire (2005), and Post Traumatic Growth Questionnaire of Tedeschi & Calhoun (1996). Findings: The results showed that training based on acceptance, commitment and compassionhas significant effects on pain catastrophizing, distress tolerance and post-traumatic growth in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (p < 0.001). These effects have remained in the 45 days follow-up period. Conclusion: According to the results, training based on acceptance, commitment and compassionhave implications for improving the psychological state of patients with fibromyalgia that can be used to improve the quality of life of these patients.
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samira Rahmani javanmard; M.H Khani
Volume 6, Issue 23 , December 2017, , Pages 136-150
Abstract
Introduction: the present study aimed to compare Alexithymia, Distress tolerance, and Anger rumination among patients with Hypertension and normal people. Method: The research design is causal-comparative or ex post facto which is a descriptive – analytic method. The population is all ...
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Introduction: the present study aimed to compare Alexithymia, Distress tolerance, and Anger rumination among patients with Hypertension and normal people. Method: The research design is causal-comparative or ex post facto which is a descriptive – analytic method. The population is all patients with hypertension from the health care centers and hospitals of Aleshtar, Lorestan. The total numbers of the participants is 40 clients which we select them by at hand sampling method. We compare these clients with 40 normal people. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. Results: Results indicated that there is a significant difference between patients with Hypertension and normal people in terms of their total scores in alexithymia, distress tolerance, and anger rumination Conclusion: we need to consider these psychological factors in treatment programs.
