با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن روانشناسی سلامت

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترای تخصصی، استادیار دانشگاه شهیدمدنی، آذربایجان، ایران

2 دکترای تخصصی، استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، مربی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

4 دکترای تخصصی، استادیار دانشگاه شهید مدنی، آذربایجان، ایران

چکیده

هدف: با توجه به این­که عوامل روانی- اجتماعی بر پیدایش و سیر بیماری­های قلبی موثر است، پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه تحمل ابهام، سرمایه روان­شناختی و سبک­های مقابله­ای بیماران قلبی و افراد سالم انجام شد.
روش: طرح پژوهش حاضر توصیفی از نوع علی مقایسه­ای بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی افراد 20 تا 80 ساله سالم و مبتلا به بیماری قلبی شهرستان تبریز در سال 93 است که از بین این افراد 50 بیمار قلبی و 50 فرد سالم که از لحاظ ویژگی­های جمعیت­شناختی با گروه بیمار همتا شده بودند با استفاده از روش نمونه­گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و به سه پرسشنامه تحمل ابهام (ریدل  و روزن، 1990)، سرمایه روان­شناختی) لوتانز و همکاران، 2007)  و مقیاس مقابله با موقعیت­های تنیدگی­زای (اندلر و پارکر، 1990) پاسخ دادند.
یافته­ ها: نتایج تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیری نشان داد میانگین نمرات راهبردهای مقابله­ای مسئله­مدار (07/4=F)، سرمایه روان­شناختی (35/7=F)، خودکارآمدی (67/5=F) و تاب­آوری (47/4=F) در افراد بیمار کمتر از افراد سالم و میانگین نمرات راهبردهای مقابله­ای هیجان­مدار (78/4=F) و عدم تحمل ابهام (17/11=F) در افراد بیمار بیشتر از افراد سالم است (001/0> P). اما در مولفه­های امیدواری (68/3=F) و خوش­بینی (49/3=F) تفاوت معناداری به دست نیامد.
نتیجه­ گیری: با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش تحمل ابهام و سرمایه روان­شناختی در بیماران قلبی کمتر از افراد سالم است و این بیماران برای مقابله با استرس­ها بیشتر از راهبردهای هیجان­مدار استفاده می­کنند

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Comparison of Tolerance of Ambiguity, Psychological Capital and Coping Strategies between Cardiac Patients and Healthy People

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Kheyrjoo 1
  • Mahboobe Taher 2
  • Farnaz Farshbaf 3
  • Parvane Alaei 4

1 Shahid Madani University,Tabriz,Iran

چکیده [English]

Objective: According to psycho-social factors are effective on appearance and progression of heart disease, this study performed with the purpose of comparison tolerance of ambiguity, psychological capital and coping strategies in cardiac patients and health people.
Methods: The design study was descriptive-causal comparative. The statistical population includes all heart patients and healthy people, 20 to 80 years old from Tabriz city in 2014 year that among them, 50 patients and 50 healthy individual who were matched with respect to demographic characteristics were selected by available sampling method. They answered questionnaires of   tolerance of ambiguity (Rydell & Rosen's, 1990), psychological capital (Luthans & et al, 2007) and coping strategies (Andler & Parker, 1990).
Results: The results of multivariate analysis of variance have been showed mean of problem focused coping strategy (F=4/07), psychological capital (F=7/35), self-efficacy (F=5/67) and resiliency (F=4/47) in heart patient are significantly less than healthy people and mean of emotion focused coping strategy (F=4/78) and intolerance of ambiguity (F=11/17) in heart patient are significantly more than healthy people but significant different wasn't found in components of hope (F=3/68) and optimism (F=3/49).
Conclusion: The results of this research intolerance of ambiguity and psychological capital in heart patient are significantly less than healthy people and this patient use emotion focused coping strategy further for coping with stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • tolerance of ambiguity
  • Psychological Capital
  • Coping Strategies
  • cardiac patients
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