stress
Mohammad Reza Tamannaifar; Azam Mansourinik; Shiva Ahmadpoursamani
Abstract
Objectives: Quality of life in patients with heart failure can be affected by several factors. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between personality traits and quality of life in heart failure patients mediated by self-care behaviors. Method: This study is a structural equation modeling. ...
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Objectives: Quality of life in patients with heart failure can be affected by several factors. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between personality traits and quality of life in heart failure patients mediated by self-care behaviors. Method: This study is a structural equation modeling. Among the heart failure patients referred to Tehran Heart Hospitals, 300 patients referred to Jam Hospital and Bustan Cardiovascular Clinic were recruited through convenient sampling. In order to collect information, NEO-FFI (Costa & McCrae, 1992), MOS (Ware & Sherbourne, 1992) and EHFSCB (Jarsma et al., 2003) were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS 24 software. Results: The results of correlation coefficients showed that there are significant negative correlation between the personality traits of neuroticism and agreeableness with quality of life, while there are significant positive correlation between extroversion and quality of life (P<0.01). Also, there are significant negative correlation between self-care behaviors and quality of life (P<0.01). According to the results the proposed model has a good fit (x2/df=2.786, p<0.001, CFI= 0.92, RMSEA=0.07). In addition, the direct effect of neuroticism, extroversion and agreeableness on quality of life is significant (P<0.01). When self-care behaviors are included as mediators in the relationship between personality traits and quality of life, the indirect effect of neuroticism and conscientiousness on quality of life is 0.09 and 0.049 respectively, and these indirect effects are significant (P<0.01). Therefore, self-care behaviors mediate the relationship between personality traits of neuroticism and conscientiousness with quality of life.Conclusion: These results have important implications for clinical practice and research in the field of cardiac health psychology and indicate the need to develop approaches and better management of these patients in self- care behaviors. Considering the widespread prevalence of heart diseases as a chronic disease and the high costs of treatment, the results of this research have many practical implications for health psychologists, doctors and nurses. Interventions aimed at changing personality characteristics (especially reducing neuroticism and increasing conscientiousness) in order to improve the quality of life of heart patients is a complex and time-consuming task. Therefore, one of the effective interventions to increase these patients’ quality of life can be focusing on increasing self-care behaviors. Hence, educating patients about the importance of this issue can play an important role in improving these patients’ quality of life.
shahnaz nouhi; masood janbozorgi; mojgan agah haris; Avisa Najimi
Abstract
Objective: In creating weight problems in children and adults, individual differences in several dimensions of eating and eating style have been indicated. In this study, standardization, validity and reliability of the children's eating behavior questionnaire were examined. Method: This questionnaire ...
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Objective: In creating weight problems in children and adults, individual differences in several dimensions of eating and eating style have been indicated. In this study, standardization, validity and reliability of the children's eating behavior questionnaire were examined. Method: This questionnaire consists of 35 questions that include eight factors affecting eating behavior (food enjoyment, food responsiveness, food sensitivity, relaxation, satiety response, emotional overeating, desire to drink, and less). Measures emotional eating. The subjects were 325 elementary school students who were randomly selected for multi-stage cluster sampling. To investigate the validity of the questionnaire, the exploratory factor analysis method was analyzed by analysis of the main components and Cranbach's alpha method was used to investigate the reliability. Findings: The findings of the factor analysis section showed that by factor analysis, questions and rotation of results are revealed by warimax method of eight components, the number of these components obtained and also the questions that had a high factor load with these components. To a large extent, it is consistent with the findings of the authors of the questionnaire. Conclusion: Due to the strength of the structure and having appropriate psychometric apecifications, the final questionnarie had the capability to be used by researchers.
Mehdi reza sarafraz; ehsan bedayat; shahrzad Derakhshan
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness based stress reduction therapy on hypochondriasis and anxiety in men suffering from chronic pain. Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and control group. The target population ...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness based stress reduction therapy on hypochondriasis and anxiety in men suffering from chronic pain. Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and control group. The target population of this study consisted of male patients suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain who previously received treatment from Shiraz rehabilitation centers in the second half of 2019. Based on initial evaluation and by use of targeted sampling 30 patients who scored highest in the McGill Pain Questionnaire were selected as the research sample and were randomly assigned to two experiment and control groups, )15 patients( control group and (15 patients) experiment group. For the purpose of data collection Ahwaz Hypochondriasis Questionnaire and Cattell Anxiety Scale questionnaire were administered in pre-test and post-test post stages of this study. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Findings: the analysis of research data showed that by controlling the effect of pre-test, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean of post-test scores of the experimental and control groups in both hypochondriasis and anxiety. Conclusion: it is recommended that mindfulness based stress reduction group therapy be used as an effective treatment strategy by mental health counselors, psychologists, and psychotherapists for the reduction of hypochondriasis and anxiety in patients suffering from chronic pain.
Mohadeseh Alsadat Hamidi; Mehdi Khakzand; Mohsen Faizi
Abstract
Objective: Architecture is not the mere construction of an inanimate building, a housing is the first built environment associated with humans. Using the term "humans" unites the works of designers, psychologists, and doctors. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is one of the psychological theories that ...
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Objective: Architecture is not the mere construction of an inanimate building, a housing is the first built environment associated with humans. Using the term "humans" unites the works of designers, psychologists, and doctors. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is one of the psychological theories that deal with human evolution. According to this theory, wellness is one of the primary needs of each individual. This research aims to introduce an effective strategy to improve the wellness of humans and achieve the ultimate aim of Maslow’s theory. Furthermore, to achieve these goals, the Salutogenic Approach is applied as a bridge to link the wellness and the man-made environment. Method: Hence, this research has deployed mixed methods to achieve the desired results. In this regard, a semantic differential technique and content analysis have been employed for component differentiation, and Ghoodosi-Gharbi (district 1) of Shiraz has been selected as the case study using a survey method. Findings: Afterward, using SPSS, users' preferences were determined and the factors affecting wellness were prioritized. Conclusion: According to the results and the analyses conducted, sense of cohesion and Maslow’s theory are related and it is possible to enhance the mental and physical condition of people residing in this neighborhood through Salutogenic design. In order to improve the wellness of residents of Ghoodosi-Gharbi, strategies have been introduced to reduce illnesses (such-as: palpitations, vitamin-D deficiency, headaches, joint-disorders,etc.) including designs with long and dynamic circulation, increased daylight in spaces, and so on.
Fazlollah Mirdrikvand
Abstract
Objective: The clinical course and sensory or emotional aspects of perceived pain are influenced by psychological and social factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the structural model of pain perception in patients with refractory joint pain based on personality traits and early ...
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Objective: The clinical course and sensory or emotional aspects of perceived pain are influenced by psychological and social factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the structural model of pain perception in patients with refractory joint pain based on personality traits and early maladaptive schemas with a moderating role of social support. Method: In this descriptive-correlational study, 371 patients with chronic joint pain were selected by convenience sampling method and they answered self-reportedly to the NE0 Five-Factor Inventory of Costa & McCrae (NEO-FFI), Young Schema Questionnaire - Short Form (YSQ-SF), The MOS Social Support Survey of Sherbourne & Stewart (MOS-SSS) and Short‑Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF‑MPQ). Data analysis was performed by path analysis method with using SPSS version 20 and Smart-PLS version 3. Results: The results indicated a significant inverse correlation between the extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, conscientiousness personality traits and all components of social support; and there was a significant positive correlation between the neuroticism personality trait and early maladaptive schemas with pain perception in patients with refractory chronic joint pain. Also, the moderating effect of social support was significant in path analysis of the relationship between the latent variables of the model. Conclusion: Physicians and mental health professionals can use these results for therapeutic purposes and to prevent the negative emotional state of patients with chronic pain in clinical and non-clinical decisions.
afsaneh moradi; Samireh Karimi; elham hessami; Saeid Mozafari
Abstract
Objective: During the outbreak of coronavirus, nurses and staff in Covid-19-related departments, which are at the forefront of the fight against pandemics, were exposed to a wide range of psychosocial stressors. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of five personality factors in ...
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Objective: During the outbreak of coronavirus, nurses and staff in Covid-19-related departments, which are at the forefront of the fight against pandemics, were exposed to a wide range of psychosocial stressors. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of five personality factors in the relationship between perceived vulnerability to the disease and the experience of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among health-care providers for patient with Covid-19. Method: The present study is a descriptive-correlational applied research. The study population consisted of the treatment staff of patients with Covid-19 working in hospitals in Tehran in June and July 2021, from which 677 people were selected as an available sample. The research instruments include a short form of NEO Personality Five-Factor Questionnaire, Mississippi Traumatic Stress Disorder Citizenship Scale, and Perceived Vulnerability Questionnaire was completed online by care staff. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation method and structural equation analysis using Amos and SPSS software. Findings: The results indicate that the indirect effect of perceived vulnerability on the experience of PTSD symptoms is mediated by neuroticism and agreeableness. Conclusion: Screening and identifying people with high neuroticism traits and low agreeableness in the treatment staff and considering interventions to modify these personality traits can be effective in preventing PTSD.
Malihe Abedzadeh Ymi; mahmood jajarmi; kaveh hojjat
Abstract
Objective: The theory of behavioral brain systems states that the level of activity of this system is associated with a wide range of emotional disorders, including depression and anxiety. The aim of this study was to investigate the depression of MS patients based on behavioral brain systems mediated ...
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Objective: The theory of behavioral brain systems states that the level of activity of this system is associated with a wide range of emotional disorders, including depression and anxiety. The aim of this study was to investigate the depression of MS patients based on behavioral brain systems mediated by cognitive flexibility, cognitive avoidance in the form of causal model. Method: This study was a correlational study using structural equation modeling.The statistical population includes all MS patients. They were from Mashhad and the samples were selected by available sampling method. The instruments used in this study included Beck Depression Inventory (1972), Carver & White (1994) Behavioral Brain Questionnaire, Dennis Wonderwall (2010) Cognitive Flexibility, and Sexton and Dagas (2004) Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire. Structural modeling and Amos21 and SPSS21 software were used to analyze the data. Findings: The results showed that the activating behavioral brain system and cognitive flexibility have a negative and significant relationship with depression. Cognitive avoidance behavioral brain system has a positive and significant relationship with depression. Conclusion: The results show that the standardized indirect effect of activating behavioral system on depression is significant and the inhibitory system has cognitive avoidance on cognitive avoidance indirectly due to cognitive flexibility. Negative activator and inhibitory behavioral system can positively predict depression
Maryam Farrokhnia; Ali Fathi-Ashtiani; Emad Ashrafi; Faermehr Abtahei
Abstract
Objective: In recent years, more attention has been paid to parent-focused behavioral interventions for the treatment of childhood obesity. Accordingly, this study was conducted with the main objective of reviewing the effectiveness of parent-focused interventions in the treatment of childhood and adolescent ...
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Objective: In recent years, more attention has been paid to parent-focused behavioral interventions for the treatment of childhood obesity. Accordingly, this study was conducted with the main objective of reviewing the effectiveness of parent-focused interventions in the treatment of childhood and adolescent obesity, and with the sub-objective of assessing the rate of attrition in selected studies. Method: 1476 articles between1957-2021, with a variety of keywords related to intervention, parent, obesity, and overweight, in the age range of 6-18 years, from the databases of PubMed, Science Direct, and PsyINFO, were identified in the first stage. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and reviewing related articles, finally, ten randomized controlled trial (RCTs) studies, that their main outcome was a decrease in body mass index (BMI), were systematically reviewed. The standard method of evaluating Population,-Intervention-Control groups- Outcomes (PICO) in selecting, and the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) in evaluating of the quality of the articles was used. Findings: The range of decrease in standard scores of body mass index at the end of the interventions was between 0.06-0.31, and at the end of 13-24 months follow-up was between 0.16-0.42. The mean attrition rate by the end of the study was 32.3% (13% to 50%). Conclusion: Comprehensive parent-focused behavioral lifestyle interventions are generally effective in reducing children's body mass index, but it is necessary to interpret the results of current articles with caution, and to conduct comprehensive and standardized research in future.
Soghra Akbari Chermahini; mehdi molaei yasavoli; Mohsen Nazarifar; Shahnaz Shahrjerdi
Abstract
Objective: Investigating how people behave and think in crises will be a valuable help in reducing and preventing injuries in various aspects of life, especially psychological aspect. For this purpose, this study was conducted to investigate the cognitive biases in the face of the coronavirus outbreak ...
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Objective: Investigating how people behave and think in crises will be a valuable help in reducing and preventing injuries in various aspects of life, especially psychological aspect. For this purpose, this study was conducted to investigate the cognitive biases in the face of the coronavirus outbreak in Iran. Method: First, the data of the first quarter of the corona outbreak in Iran related to the social networks Twitter, Telegram, WhatsApp and Instagram with the keyword “coronavirus” were provided to the researchers by the Cognitive Science and Technology Headquarters. In the next step, the data were analyzed and due to the large volume of information, the data of Twitter and Telegram social networks were analyzed by content analysis method in terms of cognitive biases and their frequency. Findings: The results showed that more than 25% Of the messages surveyed contained a kind of bias that had the highest frequency of quasi-definite biases (tendency to draw definitive conclusions despite uncertain information) and normality (tendency to interpret normalities while the situation is critical). Conclusion: In general, it can be said that crises such as the corona crisis can affect the mental health of people in society and can affect their thinking and therefore their behavior.
shirin khatami; Mohammad Oraki; Ahmad Alipour; Parvin Mansouri
Abstract
Objective: The role of psychological distress has been approved in the clinical course of skin diseases. which. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction program and its combination with Biofeedback on disease perception, mental health, and ...
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Objective: The role of psychological distress has been approved in the clinical course of skin diseases. which. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction program and its combination with Biofeedback on disease perception, mental health, and severity of clinical symptoms in patients with psoriasis. Method: The present research is a quasi-experimental study with an inter-subject design. The statistical population included all patients with psoriasis referred to the Dermatology Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. From this population, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 45 patients were selected by purposive sampling method and replaced randomly in three groups of 15 people (two experimental groups and one control group). The first experimental group received 8 sessions of Biofeedback and 8 sessions of mindfulness-based stress reduction. The second experimental group received only mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research instruments included Broadbent et al.'s (2006) Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, Goldberg (1988) General Health Questionnaire, and Corti (2009) Psoriasis Area Severity Index. Findings: According to the results of SPANOVA analysis, both interventions were found to be effective. However, combining mindfulness-based stress reduction programs with Biofeedback was more effective and more sustainable. Conclusion: These two therapies, especially in combination, can be used as an effective method in psoriasis patients.
stress
mina nikoravesk; hamid alizadeh; saeed rezaei; mehdi dastjerdi kazemi
Abstract
Objectives: Cancer has extensive effects on children’s mental health and well-being. One of the problems of children with cancer is social interest. Due to the constant reduction of social interests and their association with quality of life, effective intervention programs are very important. ...
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Objectives: Cancer has extensive effects on children’s mental health and well-being. One of the problems of children with cancer is social interest. Due to the constant reduction of social interests and their association with quality of life, effective intervention programs are very important. On the other hand, helping childhood cancer survivors and children with cancer to maintain physical, mental and social well-being is one of the most important responsibilities of health professionals and psychologists. It should be noted that the intervention was tailored to the condition of children with cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an Adlerian play therapy on enhancing social interest in children with cancer.Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest–posttest with control group. The statistical population consisted of all children with cancer of Yazd City, Iran. Using the convenience sampling method, 30 children were selected as a sample based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n=15/group). The inclusion criteria for children included age 8-12, definitive diagnosis of cancer, at least one course of chemotherapy, not being treated with psychotropic drugs, the child living with both parents, not having any disease other than cancer, not having neuropsychological problems such as mental retardation, hyperactivity, moderate socio-family status and hospitalized for at least one month. The inclusion criteria included reluctance to continue cooperation, not cooperating in completing questionnaire at each of stages or more than two absences in training sessions. In pretest and posttest stage, participants completed the Social Interest Scale for Iranian Children (Alizadeh, 2015(, which included responsibility-task doing, relationship with people-empathy, confidence -assertive, equality vs inferiority-superiority. The weekly sessions of play therapy program included eighteen 45–minute for children. To describe the obtained data, central and dispersion indices, including mean and standard deviation and multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance were used in SPSS 24 at the significance level of 0.05. Results: The results of the multivariate covariance analysis for the subscales of the social interest scale show that the experimental group shows a significant positive change in the subscales after participating in the training program compared to the control group (p <0.05).Conclusion: Adlerian play therapy is effective on social interest in children with cancer and should be offered as a complementary treatment along with other medical and psychological therapies to these children.
Soheila Etemadi; Hamid Poursharifi; Biuok Tajeri; Mehdi Kalantari; Nahid Hovassi Soomer
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Traumatic experiences of sexual abuse, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and disclosure in explaining Somatic Symptoms of adolescent girls. Method: The method of the present study was correlation and statistical population of ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Traumatic experiences of sexual abuse, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and disclosure in explaining Somatic Symptoms of adolescent girls. Method: The method of the present study was correlation and statistical population of all students of 14-17 years in Tehran province in the academic year 97-98. By screening students with experience of sexual trauma, and eliminating the incomplete questionnaires273 students were ianalysis. For gathering data,Checklist of Traumatic Experiences of Nigent Huys and Wonder Hart & Kruger (2002), Cognitive emotion regulation strategies questionnaire Garnefsky et al. (2001), Grek's Mental Health Questionnaire (2015), Self-disclosure scale of Kun and Hessling (2003) were used and analyzed using multiple regression. Findings: The results showed maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (with β = 0.441 and p <0.01), disclosure (β = -0.201 and p <0.01), adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (β = -0.117 and p <0.01), sexual traumatic experiences (β = 0.170, p <0.05), have the ability to predict Somatic symptoms. Conclusion: The results showed that can be used to control Somatic Symptoms by Investigating the history of sexual abuse experiences, Managing Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies, and facilitating disclosure
Mojtaba Dehghan; Jafar Hasani; Alireza Moradi; SHahram Mohamadkhani
Abstract
Objective: The experience of cancer has important socio-cultural aspects that can have serious psychological consequences for cancer survivors. These aspects of the illness can even affect their health and survival. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of exploring the contextual experiences ...
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Objective: The experience of cancer has important socio-cultural aspects that can have serious psychological consequences for cancer survivors. These aspects of the illness can even affect their health and survival. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of exploring the contextual experiences that people face after cancer. Method: The present qualitative research used interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA). Data collected through semi-structured interviews with 17 cancer patients. Findings: From the analysis of the interviews, the main concept of "cancer-based contextual experiences" was explored, which includes six conceptual clusters: Unexpected being, cultural attitudes, explanation of illness, cancer metaphors, social feedback, horrible predictions. Conclusion: After cancer diagnosis, overall, People are exposed to a range of socio-cultural experiences which can affect their adaptation to illness. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to these components in cancer-related educational (social and individual) and therapeutic interventions.I
Mahshid Tirgar; Fatemeh Golshani; Anita Baghdasarians; Susan Emamipour
Abstract
Objective: Given the considerable increase in the prevalence of obesity/overweight in Iran especially in school age children, it is important to identify the causes of childhood obesity. The aim of this study is to develop a model of childhood obesity based on maternal body mass index and parenting stress ...
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Objective: Given the considerable increase in the prevalence of obesity/overweight in Iran especially in school age children, it is important to identify the causes of childhood obesity. The aim of this study is to develop a model of childhood obesity based on maternal body mass index and parenting stress mediated by maternal feeding styles. Method: The statistical sample consisted of 460 students aged 7 to 11 from schools of Tehran with their mothers. Subjects were selected using cluster sampling method. After measuring the body mass index of children and their mothers, Parenting Stress Index- Short Form and Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire were completed by mothers. Data were analyzed by Amos software with using Structural Equation Method. Findings: The model generally had a good fit. Based on the results of path analysis of maternal body mass index, parenting stress, emotional feeding, instrumental feeding, prompting/encouragement to eat, and controlling feeding directly predict the child's body mass index. The results showed that maternal body mass index and parenting stress also indirectly predict the child's body mass index through all of the maternal feeding styles subscales such as Emotional, Instrumental, Control and Encouragement feeding style. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that these relationships can predict childhood obesity as a model, and can lead to useful insights into interventions in the first level of prevention.
majid baradaran
Abstract
Objective: The psychological variables are one of the important factors in people's tendency to cosmetic surgery. The current research has aimed at investigating the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulationstrategiesand defense mechanisms in the relationship between perfectionism and anxiety sensitivity ...
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Objective: The psychological variables are one of the important factors in people's tendency to cosmetic surgery. The current research has aimed at investigating the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulationstrategiesand defense mechanisms in the relationship between perfectionism and anxiety sensitivity in cosmetic surgery applicants students. Method: This study was a correlational study. The statistical populationincluded all undergraduate students of Payame Noor University of Rasht in the academic year 1397-98 who were seeking cosmetic surgery. The sample consisted of 335 people (308 female and 27 male) who were selected by available sampling method. Instruments used in this study included the positive and negative perfectionism scale (PNPS), anxiety sensitivity index (ASI), cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ) and defense style questionnaire (DSQ). Findings: Path analysis method showed that the anxiety sensitivity in cosmetic surgery applicants is influenced by perfectionism, cognitive emotion regulation and defense mechanisms. Also, cognitive emotion regulation and defense mechanisms played a mediating role in the relationship between perfectionism and anxiety sensitivity. To evaluate the model, CFI (0.91), NFI (0.93), GFI (0.94) and RMSEA (0.07) indices were used and the results indicated that the proposed model fits well with the data. Conclusion: In the formation of anxiety sensitivity, psychological factors such as perfectionism, cognitive emotion regulation, and defense mechanisms are involved. Therefore, the findings of this study have important implications for the rooting of psychological problems in these individuals.
Shahrzad Sanjari; Foozieh Rafati; Azita Amirfakhraei; mohamad reza mohamade solymane; Eshrat Karimi Afshar
Abstract
Objective: Validation of the Maternity Fear Scale can help identify women with high fears of pregnancy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the factor structure and validation of the electronic form of the CAQ fear of childbirth questionnaire in pregnant women. Method: This study ...
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Objective: Validation of the Maternity Fear Scale can help identify women with high fears of pregnancy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the factor structure and validation of the electronic form of the CAQ fear of childbirth questionnaire in pregnant women. Method: This study is a psychometric tool that the statistical population included all pregnant women in Jiroft. The number of samples was determined based on psychometric criteria of 100 people for the predictive narrative section and 251 people for the convergence narrative section. The samples were selected by cluster sampling. The research information was collected electronically through two questionnaires of childbirth fear (CAQ) and fear of postpartum delivery by sending a questionnaire link to the participants' mobile phones. Content validation methods, convergence and factor analysis were used to evaluate the validity of the scale. The reliability of the scale was assessed by internal consistency and purity reliability methods. Findings: The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that the researcher-made questionnaire consists of three factors and has good validity and reliability. The second-order confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the three-factor model. The questionnaire was implemented along with a short form of CAQ fear of childbirth, which had a good reliability and validity with 13 items. Conclusion: A researcher-made questionnaire on the prevalence of CAQ scares in pregnant women can be used to assess the fear of childbirth in pregnant women.
stress
Fatemeh Kazemi; Sahar Safarzadeh
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the burnout model based on physical health status and brain-behavioral system by mediation of job stress in employees of Abadan Oil Company. Method: The type of research is structural equation and the statistical population was all the employees working in Abadan ...
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the burnout model based on physical health status and brain-behavioral system by mediation of job stress in employees of Abadan Oil Company. Method: The type of research is structural equation and the statistical population was all the employees working in Abadan Oil Company of which 255 people were selected by purposive sampling. The participants responded to Moslesh and Jackson’s job burnout scale (1981), Spence et al.’s physical health status (1987), Carver and White’s brain-behavioral systems 1994) and Parker and Dekutis’s occupational psychological pressure (1983) questionnaires. Data analysis was done using structural equation modeling. Results: Findings showed that physical health and behavioral activating brain system have a direct and inverse effect on burnout and behavioral inhibition system and job stress have a direct and positive effect on burnout. By increasing the activity of the behavioral activator system, the feeling of job burnout and fatigue decreases and with the increase in the activity of the behavioral inhibitory system and the perceived stress in the job, the level of job burnout increases. Also physical condition and two behavioral activation / inhibitory systems can play a role in the formation of burnout by affecting job stress. It was also found that the proposed model is suitable for data. Based on this, it has been determined that the increase in job burnout can be caused by several factors, such as weak physical health or underlying diseases that are not suitable for the chosen job, as well as the increasing activity of the inhibitory behavioral brain system and impaired behavioral activation system and job stress can be one of the characteristics of any job, can mediate this relationship. Conclusion: According to the present findings, we can conclude that physical health, improvement of the behavioral activation system, and job stress reduction decrease the rate of job burnout. Since employment in industrial organizations is associated with risks and traumatic conditions, no matter how hard the organization tries, their mental and physical health is facing risks, and can lead to job burnout. So the factors such as lack of physical health disruption of the activator system and increased activity of the inhibitory-behavioral system can increase job burnout by increasing stressful conditions in the work environment.
Sahar Safarzadeh; Karim Sevari
Abstract
Objective: Since the researchers always pay attention to the factors related to the physical and psychological health of adolescence, therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the prediction of therapeutic daily dietary intake based on body image concern, difficulties in emotion ...
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Objective: Since the researchers always pay attention to the factors related to the physical and psychological health of adolescence, therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the prediction of therapeutic daily dietary intake based on body image concern, difficulties in emotion regulation, and self-concept in secondary high school girl students of Ahvaz. Method: The population of this study was all secondary high school girl students of Ahvaz city. A sample of 360 girl students was selected by multi-stage cluster random-assignment sampling. The research design was descriptive-correlational. For collecting Data, Littleton & et al body image concern questionnaire (2005), Gratz & Roemer difficulties in emotion regulation Scale (2004), Beck self-concept questionnaire (1978), and Martz & et al cognitive-behavioral dieting Scale (1996) were used. Findings: The results of Pearson's simple correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant correlation between body image concern (p<0.01, r=0.389), difficulties in emotion regulation (p<0.01, r=0.245), and self-concept (p<0.01, r=0.214) with therapeutic daily dietary intake. Also, regression showed that self-concept and body image concern were more appropriate predictor variables for therapeutic daily dietary intake respectively. Conclusion: According to the findings, strengthening the self-concept, body image positive and, emotion regulation in adolescents can be effective in their daily dietary intake.
Marzieh mehrabaninasab; Soodabeh Bassak Nejad; Mahnaz Mehrabizadeh Honarmand
Abstract
Objective: One of the concerns of women at a young age is physical appearance and body image. This study aimed to investigate. The effects of self-compassion training on body image concern thought–shape fusion and body compassion in female students with body image concerns. Method: The study population ...
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Objective: One of the concerns of women at a young age is physical appearance and body image. This study aimed to investigate. The effects of self-compassion training on body image concern thought–shape fusion and body compassion in female students with body image concerns. Method: The study population included all Female Students Studying In, 1399 in the Second Secondary School of the 11 Grade in Ahvaz. Using the voluntarily-convenience sampling technique among the applicants, four students who had scores higher than two standard deviations from the mean in the Body Image Concern Questionnaire were selected. A non-concurrent multiple baseline experimental single-case study was used as the method of the present study. Participants before treatment, middle of treatment (sections 1, 3, 5, & 7), end of treatment (section 9), and one month after treatment had ended completed The Body Concern Inventory (BICI), Thought-Shape Fusion Scale (TSF) and Body Compassion Scale (BCS). Data analyzed with visuals inspection, improvement percentage, and reliable change index (RCI) strategies. Findings: The results showed a stable downward trend for BCI scores and TSF and BCS that reflects the effectiveness of SCT in these variables. Conclusion: Thought-shape Fusion and physical compassion have played an important role in expressing body image concerns in young girls, and compassion training can be effective in reducing their concerns about physical appearance.
Marzieh Ramezan khani; Reza Golpour
Abstract
Objective: Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic diseases that affects various aspects of a person's life. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between metacognitive beliefs and self-compassion with nutritional problems in patients with diabetes. Method: The research method ...
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Objective: Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic diseases that affects various aspects of a person's life. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between metacognitive beliefs and self-compassion with nutritional problems in patients with diabetes. Method: The research method was descriptive-correlational that 167 diabetic patients of Imam Ali Educational and Medical Complex in Karaj were selected by available sampling method.. Questionnaire used includes three standard questionnaires of Garner Eating Disorders (1983), Wells Metacognitive Beliefs Questionnaire (1997) and Neff Self-Compassion Questionnaire (2003). Findings: Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression test were used to analyze the data through SPSS 23 software. Based on the results observed, The relationship between metacognitive beliefs and self-compassion with nutritional problems in patients with diabetes is significant. in stepwise regression analysis, in the first step, the metacognition variable was 11.8% and in the second step, with the addition of a 10% self-compassion variable, the predictive power of the equation was increased. In total, about 21.8% of the variance of nutritional problems was predicted through metacognitive beliefs and self-pity (0.01>p). Conclusion: In general, the results showed that metacognitive beliefs and self-compassion are effective in predicting nutritional problems in diabetic patients.
Faezeh Bakhshalizadeh Irani; Shahriar Shahidi; Abdolrahim Hazini
Abstract
Objective: The way an individual approaches death may influence deeply how he or she approaches life so that it can lead to both authenticity and meaningfulness as well as hopelessness, nihilism and inanity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the attitude of these patients towards death ...
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Objective: The way an individual approaches death may influence deeply how he or she approaches life so that it can lead to both authenticity and meaningfulness as well as hopelessness, nihilism and inanity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the attitude of these patients towards death and life meaning. Method: In this research, a qualitative method with a descriptive phenomenological approach was employed. From amongst all cancer patients receiving palliative care for advanced cancer in Firoozgar Hospital and Ala cancer control and prevention center, eleven patients were chosen according to targeted sampling method. Data collection was used by using semi-structured interview and data interpretation was done in Collizi method. Findings: The results of this study was categorized in six main clusters; “Death as transit to a new world”, “Death as a bridge towards light”, “Death as passing through a safe haven”, “Death as losing contact with worldly belongings”, “Death as the beginning or the end of a pathway” and “attitude towards life” and 13 sub clusters. Conclusion: Difficult life with illness and imminent death leads to the loss of meaning in patients and also affects their attitude towards death. Hence, thanatopsis and logo therapy are necessary to find the meaning of life and resolve existential conflicts in these patients.
maryam abedini; bahman akbari; abbas sadeghi; samereh asadimajreh
Abstract
Objective: Cancer affects various aspects of a patient's quality of life, including mental, psychological, social, and economic status. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between mindfulness and resilience with emotional well-being due to the role of emotion regulation in cancer patients. ...
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Objective: Cancer affects various aspects of a patient's quality of life, including mental, psychological, social, and economic status. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between mindfulness and resilience with emotional well-being due to the role of emotion regulation in cancer patients. Method: The method of this research is descriptive and the correlational research design is structural equation modeling. The statistical population in this study includes cancer patients in 1399 who were selected by purposive sampling. The sample consisted of 200 (male and female) cancer patients in hospitals in Tehran. To collect data from the Freiburg Sawer et al.'s (2011) Short Form of Mindfulness, Wagnild & Young (2009) Resilience Scale, the Gross and John Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2002), and the emotional Well-Being Scale of Keys & Magyarmo (2003) was used. Bootstrap method was used to analyze the intermediate. Findings: The results showed that mindfulness and resilience have a direct and significant effect on emotional well-being. Also, the direct effect of mindfulness and resilience on emotion regulation was significant. the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between mindfulness and resilience with emotional well-being was not significant. Conclusion: The results of the research have implications for health professionals and psychologists and it can be concluded that mindfulness and resilience have a direct effect on the emotional well-being of cancer patients.
narges ebrahimi dastgerdi; sajjad rezaei; hamidreza nikyar
Abstract
Objective: The emergence of chronic diseases such as traumatic brain injuries brings about emotional and psychological damages in the patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the effectiveness of reflexive massage on the anxiety and pain intensity of the ...
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Objective: The emergence of chronic diseases such as traumatic brain injuries brings about emotional and psychological damages in the patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the effectiveness of reflexive massage on the anxiety and pain intensity of the patients with traumatic brain injury. Method: The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and two-month follow-up design. The statistical population of the present study included the patients with traumatic brain injury who attended Ayatollah Kashani Esfahani Hospital in the third quarter of 2019. 30 patients with traumatic brain injury were selected through purposive sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (15patients in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The experimental group received eight sessions of reflexive massage during a month. 3 patients from the experimental group and 2 patients from the control group quitted taking part in the study after starting the intervention. The applied questionnaires in this study included Beck et.al, 1988) and pain perception (Melzack, 1997). The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA method. Findings: The results showed that reflexive massage has significant effect on the anxiety and pain intensity of the patients with traumatic brain injury (P<0.001) in a way that this method led to the decrease of anxiety and pain intensity of the patients with traumatic brain injury. Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study it can be stated that reflexive massage can be an efficient method to decrease anxiety and pain intensity of the patients with traumatic brain injury
mehri mehrparvar; seyed bahaadin karimi
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on stigma and death anxiety in epileptic patients in Bukan. Method: The quasi-experimental study was a pretest-posttest or control group. The statistical population included all patients with epilepsy ...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on stigma and death anxiety in epileptic patients in Bukan. Method: The quasi-experimental study was a pretest-posttest or control group. The statistical population included all patients with epilepsy referred to medical centers in Buchan in 1399. Accordingly, 60 people (22 men and 38 women) were divided into two groups of 30 people, including the experimental group and the control group, by random assignment. The experimental group was evaluated as a clinical trial in 8 sessions of 90 minutes twice a week using the Templer Death Anxiety Questionnaire (1970) and the modified Ritcher Disease Stigma Scale (2003) to collect data. Multivariate covariance was used to analyze the data. Findings: Results of multivariate analysis of covariance, effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on death anxiety (P=0.05) and stigma (P=0.01) and its components including loneliness (P=0.01), confirmation of stereotypes (P= 0.01) Experience of social discrimination (P= 0.05) and Withdrawal from the community(P=0.05). Therefore, the use of cognitive therapy has a significant effect on death anxiety and stigma and its components such as loneliness, confirmation of stereotypes, experience of social discrimination, withdrawal from the community of subjects in the experimental group. Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral group therapy reduces death anxiety and stigma and its components such as loneliness, confirmation of stereotypes, experience of social discrimination, withdrawal from society.
delaram salehi; fariba zarani; ladan fata; mohamadreza sharbafchi
Abstract
Objective: In the process of caring, caregivers of cancer patients face difficult experiences and multiple stressors which directly affect their attitudes and psychological health. Purpose- The current study aimed to compare the meaning of life and attitude towards death between caregivers of cancer ...
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Objective: In the process of caring, caregivers of cancer patients face difficult experiences and multiple stressors which directly affect their attitudes and psychological health. Purpose- The current study aimed to compare the meaning of life and attitude towards death between caregivers of cancer patients and general people. Method: It is a causal-comparative research study. Through visiting the Firoozgar Hospital and Roshana Cancer Center, a total of 52 individuals who had and cared for one first-degree relative affected with cancer for the past year were selected as the convenience sample. However, another group with no experience of caring cancer patient was selected as the convenience sample and matched with the first group. Both were asked to complete the Meaningful in Life Questionnaires (MLQ; Steger, Frazier, Oishi & Kaler, 2006) and the Death Attitude Profile (DAP) - Revised (Wang, Racker & Gasser, 1994). Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. Findings: Data analysis showed that those experiencing care, anxiety, and avoidance of death reported higher scores in death attitudes death compared to general people, although there were no significant differences in meaning in life. Conclusion: Cancer patient caregivers face uncertain future and worsening conditions for patients; which develop anxiety, and avoidance of death.
